Implementation of Pigovian taxation relies on the presumption that individuals follow self-interested Nash equilibrium predictions of behavior when making decisions. Experimental evidence indicates that, while Nash predictions perform quite well in impersonal exchange, in other environments, subjects behave in ways inconsistent with these equilibria. The predictive power of game-theoretic resul...

Most of these claims are supported by only anecdotal evidence. This is unfortunate because it is often extremely difficult to rule out non-psychic explanations. For example, Hoebens (1985) has described how some psychics have made several (often conflicting) predictions relating to an unsolved crime. Once the crime was solved the incorrect predictions were forgotten whilst the correct ones were...

Propensity score analysis is a relatively recent statistical innovation that is useful in the analysis of data from quasi-experiments. The goal of propensity score analysis is to balance two non-equivalent groups on observed covariates to get more accurate estimates of the effects of a treatment on which the two groups differ. This article presents a general introduction to propensity score ana...

While it is widely believed that gravity should ultimately be treated as a quantum theory, there remains a possibility that general relativity should not be quantized. If this is the case, the coupling of classical gravity to the expectation value of the quantum stress-energy tensor will naturally lead to nonlinearities in the Schrödinger equation. By numerically investigating time evolution in...

We investigate risk-sharing without commitment by designing an experiment to match a simple model of voluntary insurance between two agents when aggregate income is constant. Participants are matched in pairs. Each period, they receive their income with or without a random component h that one person or the other receives; after observing own and counterpart income, each person in a pair can de...

Uncertain statistics is a methodology for collecting and interpreting expert’s experimental data by uncertainty theory. And when we collecting the expert’s experimental data, the expert’s data will maybe affected by psychological factors. In this paper, we are giving a rationality test of expert’s experimental data on linear uncertainty distribution of the uncertainty statistics. The testing di...

We report the results of an experimental comparison of airplane boarding methods. This test was conducted in a mock Boeing 757 fuselage, located on a Southern California soundstage, with 12 rows of six seats and a single aisle. Five methods were tested using 72 passengers of various ages. We found a significant reduction in the boarding times of optimized methods over traditional methods. These...

While a simple information market lets one trade on the probability of each value of a single variable, a combinatorial information market lets one trade on any combination of a set of variables, including any conditional or joint probability. In laboratory experiments, we compare the accuracy of simple markets, two kinds of combinatorial markets, a call market and a market maker, isolated indi...

The words of a language are randomly replaced in time by new ones, but long since it was observed that words corresponding to some items (meanings) are less frequently replaced then others. Usually, the rate of replacement for a given item is not directly observable, but it is inferred by the estimated stability which, on the contrary, is observable. This idea goes back a long way in the lexico...

The standard chicken game is a popular model of certain important real scenarios but does not allow for the escalation behaviour these are typically associated with. This is problematic if the critical, final decisions in these scenarios are sensitive to previous escalation. We introduce and analyse, theoretically and by experiment, a new game which permits escalation behaviour. Compared with a...