This paper describes how to estimate probabilities and outcome values for decision trees. Probabilities are usually derived from published studies, but occasionally are derived from existing databases, primary data collection, or expert judgment. Outcome values represent quantitative estimates of the desirability of the outcome states, and are often expressed as utility values between 0 and 1. ...

-The domains of accounting, tax, and audit services have become much more complex during recent years. This development has generated a need for leveraging professional expertise and judgment processes. In an attempt to meet this need, there are a number of projects in the Marriott School of Management, Brigham Young University (B YU) that apply artificial intelligence techniques and methods to...

The judgement of skill experience and its levels is ambiguous though it is crucial for decision-making in sport sciences studies. We developed a fuzzy decision support system to classify experience of non-elite distance runners. Two Mamdani subsystems were developed based on expert running coaches' knowledge. In the first subsystem, the linguistic variables of training frequency and volume were...

M. Henrion, "Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence: Is Probability Epistemologically and Heuristically Adequate?" inJ. Mumpower, ed., Expert Judgment and Expert Systems, SpringerVerlag, New York, 1987, pp. 105-130. E. Horvitz, J. Breese, and M. Henrion, "Decision Theory in Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence," Int. J. ApjJrox. Reason. 2, 247-302 (1988). R. Howard and J. Matheson, "Influ...

Software forensic experts are called upon not only to perform authorship analysis and software copyright infringement forensics but also to perform software quality forensics. Because the prime evidence in such cases also are digital (in the form of software, databases etc.), the judiciary too often engages software forensic practitioners as expert witnesses to arrive at a considered judgment. ...

The monetized value of avoided premature mortality typically dominates the calculated benefits of air pollution regulations; therefore, characterization of the uncertainty surrounding these estimates is key to good policymaking. Formal expert judgment elicitation methods are one means of characterizing this uncertainty. They have been applied to characterize uncertainty in the mortality concent...

Code smells are manifestations of design flaws that can degrade code maintainability if left to fester. The research in this paper investigates the potential of code smells to reflect system-level indicators of maintainability. We report a study where the strengths and limitations of code smells are evaluated against existing evaluation approaches. We evaluated four medium-sized Java systems us...

It is easy for an expert to express his/her preferences using fuzzy linguistic term such as ‘good’, ‘very good’ in group decision making because of uncertainty existing. The linguistic 2-tuple representation model was selected to represent fuzzy linguistic term. To obtain the objective decision power in a linguistic 2-tuple judgment matrix given by an expert, the paper put forward a new approac...