Abstract Cardiovascular and respiratory systems are anatomically functionally linked; inspiration produces negative intrathoracic pressures that act on the heart alter cardiac function. Inspiratory increase with failure can exceed magnitude of ventricular pressure during diastole. Accordingly, may be a confounding factor to assessing While interaction between respiration is well characterized, ...

background: pulmonary function tests (pfts) are used in assessing physiological to clinical status of the respiratory system, which is expressed as a percentage of predicted values. predicted pfts values are varies in different ethnics. predicted pfts values were studied in a sample of iranian children. materials and methods: prediction equations for pfts were derived from urban children in the...

Slow spirometry and forced spirometry (flow volume loop) are often used to measure clinically relevant lung volumes and forced expiratory and inspiratory flows. Dynamic parameters, such as forced expiratory volumes in one second (FEV1) or forced vital capacity (FVC) and static lung volumes, such as expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory capacity (IC) and inspiratory vital capacity (IVC) c...

INTRODUCTION The effect of expiratory endotracheal tube (ETT) resistance on dynamic lung inflation is unknown. We hypothesized that ETT resistance causes dynamic lung hyperinflation by impeding lung emptying. We further hypothesized that compensation for expiratory ETT resistance by automatic tube compensation (ATC) attenuates dynamic lung hyperinflation. METHODS A ventilator equipped with th...

BACKGROUND The usual analysis of forced oscillometry measures respiratory resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) averaged over several tidal breaths (whole-breath analysis). Recent within-breath analyses have separated Rrs and Xrs into their mean inspiratory and mean expiratory components (inspiratory-expiratory breath analysis) but these have not been used to compare patients with asthma and tho...

BACKGROUND In the intensive care unit we have observed that patients have different adherence to 2 commonly used positive-expiratory-pressure (PEP) therapy devices: the PEP bottle and the PEP mask. The reason for this difference is not clear. METHODS In a randomized prospective study, we made continuous recordings of airway pressure and airflow, with 20 healthy volunteers, with the PEP bottle...

Women have smaller airways and lung volumes and lower resting maximal expiratory flow rates relative to men. Female athletes develop expiratory flow limitation more frequently than male athletes, and they have greater increases in end-expiratory and end-inspiratory lung volume at maximal exercise. Women use a greater fraction of their ventilatory reserve and have a higher metabolic cost of brea...

Background Atelectasis is a common postoperative complication. Peri-operative lung protection can reduce atelectasis; however, it not clear whether this persists into the period. Objective To evaluate to what extent lung-protective ventilation reduces peri-operative atelectasis in children undergoing nonabdominal surgery. Design Randomised, controlled, double-blind study. Setting Single tertiar...