BACKGROUND AND AIMS Photosynthetic plasticity in response to a range of environmental factors that include [CO(2)], water availability, light intensity and temperature, is ubiquitous among plants with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). The present study examined how seasonal changes in light availability, as experienced by greenhouse CAM crops in northern latitude regions, influence diel carbo...

At rail-road transshipment yards, gantry cranes move containers from freight trains to trucks and vice versa. They constitute important entities in today's intermodal transportation systems. Real-world yards are often partitioned into several disjunct crane areas, so that crane interferences during container transshipment are avoided. In practice, the lengths of such crane areas are typically d...

The current literature in the rail–truck intermodal transportation of hazardous materials (hazmat) domain ignores congestion at intermodal yards. We attempt to close that gap by proposing a bi-objective optimization framework for managing hazmat freight that not only considers congestion at intermodal yards, but also determines the appropriate equipment capacity. The proposed framework, i.e., a...

Transshipment yards, where gantry cranes allow for an e cient transshipment of containers between di erent freight trains, are important entities in modern railway systems and facilitate the general shift from point-to-point transport to hub-and-spoke railway systems. Modern rail-rail transshipment yards accelerate container handling, so that multiple smaller trains with equal destination can b...

Numerical simulations of the wind flow around isolated stockpiles bulk material are performed to assess emission potential (P) particulate matter (PM) from pile surfaces exposed erosion (i.e., industrial erosion). The analysis is focused on two metal sulphides (lead and zinc sulphides), which typically stored in open yards plants that operate commodity sector for production non-ferrous metals. ...

This paper introduces an application of a Multi-Resource Routing Problem (MRRP) in drayage operations. Drayage involves the movement of loaded and empty equipment between rail yards, shippers, consignees and equipment yards. The problem of routing and scheduling drayage movements is modeled as an MRRP with flexible tasks, since the origins and destinations of some movements can be chosen from a...

Rail-rail transshipment yards are an emerging and more e cient alternative to traditional shunting yards. Instead of a time-consuming reshu ing of railcars via shunting hills, in these modern yards, huge gantry cranes tranship containers between di erent freight trains. As multiple cranes process the trains in parallel, it is an important operational task to avoid interferences among cranes. To...

The grain of the self-pollinating diploid barley species offers two modes of producing recombinant enzymes or other proteins. One uses the promoters of genes with aleurone-specific expression during germination and the signal peptide code for export of the protein into the endosperm. The other uses promoters of the structural genes for storage proteins deposited in the developing endosperm. Pro...

The quality attributes and storage life of ‘Jinhwang’ mango fruit can be effectively maintained with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) application and/or chitosan coating. ‘Jinhwang’ mango fruit was treated with 5 μl l 1-MCP for 12 h, dipped with 0.5 % chitosan, 5 μl l 1-MCP combine with 0.5 % chitosan and untreated (control) then stored at 10C. Mango treated with 1-MCP maintained firmness, sucrose ...