We investigate an automobile supply chain where a manufacturer and a retailer serve heterogeneous consumers with electric vehicles (EVs) under a government’s price-discount incentive scheme that involves a price discount rate and a subsidy ceiling. We show that the subsidy ceiling is more effective in influencing the optimal wholesale pricing decision of the manufacturer with a higher unit prod...

Despite the view in the literature on organizational learning that this will enhance firms’ competitive advantage and lead to superior organizational performance, empirical research exploring the relationships between organizational learning and business performance has not been particularly forthcoming. Without such research, the case for the significance of learning organizationally is limite...

Recent experimental evidence fromdevelopmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience indicates that humans are equippedwith unlearned elementarymathematical skills. However, formal mathematics has properties that cannot be reduced to these elementary cognitive capacities. The question then arises how human beings cognitively deal with more advanced mathematical ideas. This paper draws on the ex...

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This paper gives an outline of the various outsourcing models and provides information that every company considering outsourcing should know. A case study of the EDS/GMAC Mortgage outsourcing agreement is included.

This paper presents two meta-heuristic algorithms to solve an extended portfolio selection model. The extended model is based on the Markowitz's Model, aiming to minimize investment risk in a specified level of return. In order to get the Markowitz model close to the real conditions, different constraints were embedded on the model which resulted in a discrete and non-convex solution space. ...