This paper examines the extreme co-movements between infectious disease events and crude oil futures through value analyses. We contribute to literature by providing a novel framework of tail risk early warning considering diseases as systemic factor for futures. The results provide evidence that: (1) when an event occurs, index reaches its empirical lower threshold, which is approximately 2.30...

climate is the most important factor which control desertification .in order to detect climate changes in desert zones, time trend analysis is applied to extreme indices in kashan station using extreme climate index software (ecis). results show significant trends in extreme indices during the past decade 1995-2004 and the pronounced warming is associated with a negative trend in cold extremes....

one of the difficulties of data envelopment analysis(dea) is the problem of deciency discriminationamong efficient decision making units(dmus) and hence, yielding large number of dmus as efficientones. the main purpose of this paper is to overcome this inability. one of the methods for rankingefficient dmus is minimizing the coefficient of variation (cv) for inputs-outputs weights. in this pap...