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AP2 transcription factors regulate many aspects of embryonic development. Studies of AP2a (Tfap2a) function in mice and zebrafish have demonstrated a role in patterning mesenchymal cells of neural crest origin that form the craniofacial skeleton, while the mammalian Tfap2b is required in both the facial skeleton and kidney. Here, we show essential functions for zebrafish tfap2a and tfap2b in de...

*Corresponding author: José M Lasso, Plastic Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Área 3400, C/ Dr Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain, E-mail: [email protected] Citation: Lasso JM (2015) Reconstruction of the Facial Nerve in Pigs with Facial Nerve Allografts Wrapped in A Fibrin Scaffold Containing Fibroblasts Transduced with Adenovirus Encoding VEGF 156. Enlive...

Introduction: Tessier facial cleft is among the rarest facial clefts reported in literatures and there are many issues arguing about its multidisciplinary repairing techniques. Tessier number 4 and 5 are extremely rare facial anomalies. There are few literatures describing these clefts and their surgical modalities. Number 5 Tessier cleft begins medial to oral commissure in the upper lip and ex...

The occurrence of mast cells is studied in the normal facial nerve and in the facial nerve post mortem exam of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media without associated facial paralysis. A small number of mast cells were found in the normal facial nerve. These cells were usually located in close proximity to the endoneural and epineural blood vessels. The number of mast cells was i...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether autologously transferred human adipose tissue maintains viability in vivo for prolonged periods. DESIGN Six healthy female patients (mean age, 61.5 years; mean body mass index, 23.4 kg/m2) received autologous fat transplants from the gluteus to the nasolabial folds. Subcutaneous fat was sampled from facial and gluteal sites 4 times in 1 year. SETTING Private p...

automatic analysis of human facial expressions is one of the challenging problems in machine vision systems. it has many applications in human-computer interactions such as, social signal processing, social robots, deceit detection, interactive video and behavior monitoring. in this paper, we develop a new method for automatic facial expression recognition based on facial muscle anatomy and hum...

Facial expressions are the most powerful and direct means of presenting human emotions and feelings and offer a window into a persons’ state of mind. In recent years, the study of facial expression and recognition has gained prominence; as industry and services are keen on expanding on the potential advantages of facial recognition technology. As machine vision and artificial intelligence advan...

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acute idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis (bell's palsy) is the most common disorder of the facial nerve. most patients recover completely, although some have permanent disfiguring facial weakness. many studies have attempted to identify an infectious etiology for this disease. although the cause of bell's palsy remains unknown, recent studies suggest a possible association with herpes simpl...