The article processing charge (APC) is currently the primary method of funding professionally published Open Access peer reviewed journals. The pricing principles of 77 OA publishers publishing over 1000 journals using APCs were studied and classified. The most commonly used pricing method is a single fixed fee, which can either be the same for all of a publisher’s journals or individually dete...

For an outsider innovator in a Cournot oligopoly, royalty licensing could be superior to both fixed fee and auction. The result depends on a simple fact that has been overlooked in the existing literature, namely, the number of licenses can take only integer values.  2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D21; D43; D45

This paper presents a comparative statics result on a rental housing market. The relationship between the qualities of apartments and their rents is investigated. Our comparative statics considers rent changes when an improvement occurs in a local area of the market. We show that rents go up locally in response to the improvement, but rents go down in the inner area of the city. To show the dis...

This note presents an algorithm that finds the cone of directions of constancy of a differentiable, faithfully convex function.

This study presents computational simulations of multicomponent and multiphase flows to reproduce the physical phenomena in secondary atomization a droplet induced by hot temperature environment. The fluid dynamics model is based on geometric volume method, with piecewise linear interface calculation reconstruction for accurate determination curvature evaporation fluxes at interface. purpose wa...

— This paper deals with a class of totally disconnected groups acting on buildings, among which are certain Kac-Moody groups. The apartments of our buildings are hyperbolic planes tiled by right-angled polygons. We discuss linearity properties for the groups, as well as an analogy with semisimple groups over local fields of positive characteristic. Looking for counter-examples to this analogy l...