Familiarity with the distractors around an unfamiliar target facilitates visual search. Three Experiments examined whether the effect occurs because fixations are (a) shorter and fewer, (b) shorter, but more abundant, (c) equally long, but fewer, or (d) longer, but fewer when distractors are familiar. Results indicated comparably long, but fewer fixations when distractors are familiar. Hence, t...

Oncology nursing, like many other nursing fields, often provides nurses with the opportunity to get to know their patients and their families well. This familiarity allows oncology nurses to show a level of compassion and empathy that is often helpful to the patient and their family during their struggle with cancer. However, this familiarity can also lead to a profound sense of grief if the pa...

This paper examines the relationship between shape complexity and familiarity in extending novel adjectives. Previous research has suggested that familiarity with an object's basic level label determines the likelihood that a novel adjective will be extended to new instances. The present results do not support that conclusion. Instead the results suggest that given an adjectival syntactic frame...

Road safety is the result of interaction between human, vehicle, and environment-related factors. familiarity, as a human- factor in road safety, was investigated present study. More specifically, main aim current study to investigate subjective risk evaluations drivers on familiar unfamiliar roads. A total sample 479 drivers, 278 males 201 females, participated study, filled out demographic in...

The elderly often struggle when interacting with technologies. This is because the software and hardware components of the technologies are not familiar to the elderly’s mental model. This is a lack of empirical studies about how the concept of familiarity can be infused into the design of interactive technology systems to bridge the digital divide preventing today’s elderly people from activel...

Expert ensemble musicians produce exquisitely coordinated sounds, but rehearsal is typically required to do so. Ensemble coordination may thus be influenced by the degree to which individuals are familiar with each other's parts. Such familiarity may affect the ability to predict and synchronize with co-performers' actions. Internal models related to action simulation and anticipatory musical i...

INTRODUCTION Increased teammate familiarity in emergency medical services (EMS) promotes development of positive teamwork and protects against workplace injury. METHODS Measures were collected using archival shift records, workplace injury data, and cross-sectional surveys from a nationally representative sample of 14 EMS agencies employing paramedics, prehospital nurses, and other EMS clinic...

Psychological causes of social distance were examined from the perspective of Construal Level Theory (CLT; Liberman, Trope, & Stephan, 2007), which predicts that temporal distance from and abstract construal of a social target would create perception of social distance. Our studies demonstrate that expectations for temporally remote (versus proximal) social interaction produce greater social di...