Exposure to bioaerosols in indoor animal farms associates with respiratory illnesses, but little is known about the immune modulation to chicken farmers. This study aimed to compare the general immunity of chicken farmers with those of control subjects with non-agricultural jobs. Blood taken from the farmers and controls was subjected to plasma IgE and IgG subclass measurements. Isolated periph...

CONTEXT Although farmers are at risk for injuries from contact with large livestock, few previous studies have examined risk factors for animal-related injuries. PURPOSE This case-control study, nested in the Agricultural Health Study, aimed to assess risk factors for animal-related injury among Iowa large-livestock farmers. METHODS A screener questionnaire sent to 6999 farmers identified 1...

BACKGROUND With the growing global population, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the demands for food and energy. A major portion of the food and energy is produced via agriculture and livestock activities. The objectives of this research are to gather information regarding the demographic features of farmers, previous poisoning, and the extent of farmers' knowledge in the use of ...

/ This study examines similarities and differences between organic and conventional farmers. We explore the factors that underlie farmers' conservation attitudes and behaviors, including demographic and farm characteristics, awareness of and concern for environmental problems associated with agriculture, economic orientation toward farming, and self-reported conservation practices. A series of ...

OBJECTIVES To examine the mortality patterns of male and female farmers and farmers' wives in England and Wales. METHODS Information on all deaths in England and Wales at ages 20-74 during the periods 1979-80 and 1982-90 was obtained from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) and proportional cancer mortality ratios (PCMRs) were used to compare th...

This study analyzes the primary factors influencing farmers’ awareness of ecosystem services. This study, through questionnaires, conducts research on farmers’ awareness of and demand for ecosystem service functions. The research encapsulates 156 households from 21 groups of villagers in the Guangxi Karst Ecological Immigration District in China. The results of the factors influencing farmers’ ...

This study investigated the occupational safetypractices among smallholder farmers in Ile-Ife area of Osun State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 220 randomly selected farmers using pre-tested and validated structured interview schedule. Information was collected on demographic, socio-economic characteristics and safety practices of the respondents. The data were summarized using freq...

Credit is a strategic empowerment tool that has the potential to change the life of a person, family or community from a situation of abject poverty to a more dignified life. It can transform self-image, unlock potential and boost the productivity and well-being of the poor and vulnerable, especially farmers. This paper estimates the determinants of credit demand by farmers and supply by Rural ...

Farmers are known to be at high risk for the development of occupational airway disease. The aim of this European study was to determine which airway symptoms predominate in different types of animal farmers (cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep) and to compare the prevalence of symptoms to the general population. A total of 6,156 randomly selected animal farmers in Denmark, Germany (Schleswig-Holstein...

Increasing population growth and decreasing land ratio made it difficult for rural people of Bangladesh to maintain their livelihood. Especially the small-scale farmers find it trickier using their scarce resources. One House One Farm approach(OHOF) is designed to utilize the house and farm resources of the small- scale farmers to improve their livelihood. The focus of the study was to determin...