During an earthquake, structures are subjected to both horizontal and vertical shaking. Most structures are rather insensitive to variations in the vertical acceleration history and primary considerations are given to the impact of the horizontal shaking on the behavior of structures. In the laboratory, however, most component tests are carried out under uni-directional horizontal loading to si...

-Theoretical constraints on the stress-dilation relation for a deforming Coulomb material require v -< 0 if C = 0 and v -< sin-l(Tm/e,n) always, where v is the dilation angle, 0 is the friction angle, C is cohesion, z,, is the maximum shear stress, and a,~ is the mean effective stress. Recent laboratory measurements of friction and dilatancy of simulated fault gouge show that small amplitude sh...

Maximum availability is essential in the power generation and transmission sector. Faults in transmission lines, substations etc. can cause very serious damage. Therefore it is important to have means to examine each type of fault and the relay performance for different point on wave instant in detail using a relay testing simulator, in order to detect malfunction of the relay. “Point on wave f...

[1] Pore fluid pressure plays an important role in the frictional strength and stability of tectonic faults. We report on laboratory measurements of porosity changes associated with transient increases in shear velocity during frictional sliding within simulated finegrained quartz fault gouge (d50 = 127 mm). Experiments were conducted in a novel true triaxial pressure vessel using the double-di...

Periodic crustal deformation associated with repeated strike-slip earthquakes is computed for the following model; A depth L (< H) extending downward from the Earth's surface at a transform boundary between uniform elastic lithospheric plates of thickness H is locked between earthquakes. It slips an amount consistent with remote plate velocity Vp• after each lapse of earthquake cycle time Tcy. ...

a r t i c l e i n f o Recent high-resolution GPS and seismological data reveal that tectonic faults exhibit complex, multi-mode slip behavior including earthquakes, creep events, slow and silent earthquakes, low-frequency events and earthquake afterslip. The physical processes responsible for this range of behavior and the mechanisms that dictate fault slip rate or rupture propagation velocity ...

This paper presents an application of evolution programming (EP), which has no limitation on objective function, for transient stability constrained optimal power flow (TSCOPF) problem. Swing equation and limit of rotor angle deviation with respect to centre of inertia (COI) are treated as additional constraints in transient stability concern. The generator fuel cost minimization is selected as...

The fundamental problem with traditional network architecture is that it is static. Users don’t have much controlling power and it is just trying to accommodate current networking needs of the user. Therefore which means window for innovation is too narrow with respect to network controlling, virtualization, automation, scalability, programmability and fault tolerance. A revolutionize network t...

The existence of recorded accelerograms to perform dynamic inelastic time history analysis is of the utmost importance especially in near-fault regions where directivity pulses impose extreme demands on structures and cause widespread damages. But due to the scarcity of recorded acceleration time histories, it is common to generate proper artificial ground motions. In this paper an alternative ...

This paper discusses the performance of critical trajectory method (CTrj) for power system transient stability analysis under various loading settings and heavy fault condition. The method obtains Controlling Unstable Equilibrium Point (CUEP) which is essential for estimation of power system stability margins. The CUEP is computed by applying the CTrjto the boundary controlling unstable equilib...