Ten nitrate-selective electrodes based upon rubbery membranes containing various betaine salts as sensors covalently bound to a cross-linked polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene (SBS) polymer have been produced. The membranes were robust, highly selective, and effective over a pH range of 2-8. The best nitrate-selective electrode fabricated contained 10% m/m dicumyl peroxide, 40% 2...

A modified Prussian blue analogue, Na(2)Zn(3)[Fe(CN)(6)](2)·xH(2)O, was investigated as a positive electrode material. Utilizing a well-defined channel structure, the compound exhibits a clear electrochemical activity at around 3.5 V vs. Na/Na(+) with a reversible capacity of 56.4 mA h g(-1) and good cycle life.

Discomfort experienced during surface functional electrical stimulation (FES) is thought to be partly a result of localized high current density in the skin underneath the stimulating electrode. This article describes a finite element (FE) model to predict skin current density distribution in the region of the electrode during stimulation and its application to the identification of electrode p...

Electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) powered by renewable electricity is reckoned to provide an effective strategy alleviate environmental issues and energy crisis, enabling a potential carbon neutral economy. To boost the ECR fuels value-added chemicals, design of highly active selective catalysts important. In this study, we demonstrate facile ultrasonication-facilitated synthesis two-dimensio...

A simple column electrode, S-CE, with a glassy carbon fibers working electrode stuffed into a Teflon tube was developed. The current-potential curves for the reductions of [Fe(CN)(6)](3-) and Fe(3+) observed at the S-CE were analyzed based on a theory for those at an ordinary column electrode. A quantitative electrolysis was performed at the S-CE rapidly within 20 s. An accurate and precise cou...

The application of the composite of Ni3S2 nanoparticles and 3D graphene as a novel cathode material for supercapacitors is systematically investigated in this study. It is found that the electrode capacitance increases by up to 111% after the composite electrode is activated by the consecutive cyclic voltammetry scanning in 1 M KOH. Due to the synergistic effect, the capacitance and the diffusi...

A simple and sensitive electrochemical biosensor was used to detect tyrosine oxidation induced by hydroxyl radicals generated by Fenton reaction (Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2)). Poly(glu, tyr) (4:1) peptides were immobilized on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode surface via layer-by-layer assembly technique, and Os(bpy)(3)(2+)-mediated tyrosine oxidation current was employed as the signal reporter of the biose...

A highly selective electrode for Bromide ion based on aza pyrilium derivative as an excellentionophore is described.The sensor exhibits a good linear response with a slope of ( 60±1 ) mV per decadeover the concentration range of ( 1×10-3 – 9×10-6 M ) , and a detection limit of ( 3×10-6 M ) of Bromideions .The electrode response is independent of pH in the range of(4.0 –9.5).Selectivity coeffici...