Synchronization of rumen available protein and energy is one of the conceptual methods to increase the efficiency of utilization of nutrients by the ruminants The concept of synchronization energy and protein was first by Jhonson, Implying that maximum microbial protein synthesis could be achieved by matching the rate of Organic Matter and protein degradation. Synchronization of rumen available...

Synchronization of rumen available protein and energy is one of the conceptual methods to increase the efficiency of utilization of nutrients by the ruminants The concept of synchronization energy and protein was first by Jhonson, Implying that maximum microbial protein synthesis could be achieved by matching the rate of Organic Matter and protein degradation. Synchronization of rumen available...

Nutrition is vital in fish farming because feed costs represent 40–50 % of the total variable production costs (SHANG, 1992; CRAIG and HELFRICH, 2002). For several decades, fishmeal has been used as the main source of protein in fish feeds (TACON and JACKSON, 1985; TACON, 1993; EL-SAIDY and GABER, 2004; ALCESTE and JORY, 2000). However, the periodically occurring low availability, competition a...

We study the impact of learning by doing, learning spill-overs, and imperfect competition in a model with two types of electricity producers, an oligopolistic sector of polluting fossil-fuel utilities and a competitive fringe of non-polluting generators of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES-E). Furthermore we consider an upstream industry of RES-E equipment producers engaged in lear...

Phytate is the primary storage form of phosphate in plants. Phytases from microbial sources are supplemented to feedstuff of monogastric animals to increase the uptake of phytate phosphorus. The use of microbial phytase is associated with high production cost and also requires special care in feed processing. Expression of phytase in transgenic plants is an alternative approach to the productio...

Synchronization of rumen available protein and energy is one of the conceptual methods to increase the efficiency of utilization of nutrients by the ruminants The concept of synchronization energy and protein was first by Jhonson, Implying that maximum microbial protein synthesis could be achieved by matching the rate of Organic Matter and protein degradation. Synchronization of rumen available...

Feed costs account for nearly 70 to 80% of the total production costs as nearly all ingredients used in feed manufacturing in Botswana are imported. Therefore, complete feeds are expensive and out of reach of smallholder poultry farmers who lack economies of scale and access to credit. This makes the prospects of utilising insects as a source of protein feasible because they are available throu...

The sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) found in animal feed additive (feed grade cupric sulfate, CuSO4) were investigated and traced back to the formation of chlorinated organic compounds in the chlor-alkali industry. PCDD/Fs could be transported through the supply chain: hydrochloric acid (HCl) by-produced during formation of chlorinated organic compounds in c...

This paper addresses the use of ontologies for combining different sensor data sources to enable big data analysis in the dairy farming domain. We have made existing data sources accessible via linked data RDF mechanisms using OWL ontologies on Virtuoso and D2RQ triple stores. In addition, we have created a common ontology for the domain and mapped it to the existing ontologies of the different...

Feed ingredients of plant origin are commonly used in swine diets. However, the major components of plant cell walls, non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), reduce nutrient digestibility. To improve the efficiency of feed utilization, exogenous enzyme products that degrade NSPs have been widely used in commercial animal feeds. Nonetheless, the effects of exogenous enzyme addition to swine diets on ...