.............................................................................................12 Introduction..........................................................................................13 Cues of larval food.................................................................................16 Cues of mosquito immature stages................................................................

Citronellal, a well-known plant-derived mosquito repellent, was previously reported to repel Drosophila melanogaster via olfactory pathways involving but not directly activating Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). Here, we show that citronellal is a direct agonist for Drosophila and human TRPA1s (dTRPA1 and hTRPA1) as well as Anopheles gambiae TRPA1 (agTRPA1). Citronellal-induced ac...

The interactions between insect repellents and the olfactory system have been widely studied, however relatively little is known about the effects of repellents on the gustatory system of insects. In this study, we show that the gustatory receptor neuron (GRN) located in the medial styloconic sensilla on the maxillary palps of gypsy moth larvae, and known to be sensitive to feeding deterrents, ...

Wasted printed circuit boards, PCBs, contain not only valuable metals such as Cu, Au, etc., but also smelting-repellent components Al, Br, and Sb. The latter should be removed before feeding them to the smelting process. In this study, we applied processes a pretreatment (i) heating screening remove devices on (ii) roasting remove/decompose Br Sb from (iii) two-stage selective grinding concentr...

Knowing a chemical composition of preferred feed plants the Turkestan termite will enable development effective and available agents to be used for its control, that is particularly important during period rapid population growth global warming. In this work, compositions ensure normal – moisture, components organic extracts, aqueous pectins, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin reducing sugars hav...

Brake fern, Pteris vittata, not only tolerates arsenic but also hyperaccumulates it in the frond. The hypothesis that arsenic hyperaccumulation in this fern could function as a defense against insect herbivory was tested. Fronds from control and arsenic-treated ferns were presented to nymphs of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana. Feeding damage was recorded by visual observation and quantif...

Marine chemical ecology is a young discipline, having emerged from the collaboration of natural products chemists and marine ecologists in the 1980s with the goal of examining the ecological functions of secondary metabolites from the tissues of marine organisms. The result has been a progression of protocols that have increasingly refined the ecological relevance of the experimental approach. ...

Essential oil of Citrus family plant is known to have repellent effect against mosquito. Unfortunately, due to its high volatility effect, its repellency effect was compromised. The incorporation of essential oil in a microencapsulation formulation has been shown to help improve the stability and potency of the repellent. In this study, Citrus grandis peel oil (CGPO) was encapsulated by using t...