BACKGROUND In our recent village-based cross-sectional study, the prevalence of nucleic acid amplification technique (NAAT) diagnosed Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in sexually active Samoan women was very high (36 %), and test positivity was associated with sub-fertility. We conducted a serological and epidemiological analysis in these participants to identify if serological data can provide furth...

While numerous studies have compared urban and rural fertility rates across Europe, virtually no studies have distinguished suburbs as a distinct residential context. This study examines fertility variation across different residential contexts in four Northern European countries: Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. We move beyond the conventional urban-rural focus of most previous studies of ...

In this article data from the British Household Panel Study (BHPS) are used to analyse gender differences in fertility intentions, and the correspondence between fertility intentions and subsequent fertility behaviour. By exploiting couple-level data, we examine whether partners have conflicting preferences for future fertility. Focusing on women who remain childless in their thirties we look a...

This paper explains the decline in total fertility rate (TFR) in China by investigating the quantitative effect of social insurance on peoplesąŕ fertility choice when investment in children is risky. The price and income effects are heterogeneous: low-income people tend to raise more children due to the reinforcing income and price effects, whereas for rich families the income effect dominates ...

Storage of ram semen in liquid and frozen state, the diluents used for both methods, processing, cooling, freezing and thawing of semen are reviewed. Factors influencing the fertility of stored semen and methods used for improvement are discussed, and fertility results of long-term frozen stored ram semen are also given.

While new empirical findings and theoretical frameworks provide insight into the interrelations between socioeconomic development, gender equity, and low fertility, puzzling exceptions and outliers in these findings call for a more all-encompassing framework to understand the inter-play between these processes. We argue that the pace and onset of development are two important factors to be cons...

Premarital fertility, defined as birth before first marriage, is investigated in Madagascar, using two Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 1992 and 1997. About 8 per cent of all births and 23 per cent of first births take place before marriage, despite a low underlying mean age at first marriage, estimated to be 18.6 years in the absence of a previous birth. A premarital first bir...

This is an endeavour to study the plausible causal relationship between cultural factors and human fertility in a more or less non-industrial rural population (schedule tribes) in Orissa, an Eastern Indian state. The bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses showed that lower level of child loss showed significant association with lower fertility. Other categorical variables such as highe...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the role of oxidative stress in the context of female fertility. RECENT FINDINGS Oxidative stress is associated with decreased female fertility in animal and in-vitro models, but no studies to date have directly assessed the relationship in women. Exposures associated with oxidative stress and with evidence to influence the timing and maintenance of a viable pregna...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge about the risk of infertility in cancer patients after treatment, and the options for fertility preservation based on a survey carried out during the 2013 Pink October campaign. METHODS This survey was carried out during the 2013 Pink October event in the most important public park of São Paulo, Brazil. Approximately 900 people expre...