ion or metacognition; specific deficits in mathematical skills; or problems in memory, attention, or judgment Table 2 -Diagnostic Criteria for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Alcohol-Related Effects Alcohol-Related Effects Clinical Conditions in which there is a history of maternal alcohol exposure, and where clinical or animal research has linked maternal alcohol ingestion to an observed outc...

Screening of fetal alcohol syndrome using the T-ACE questionnaire in semi-rural areas around Lubumbashi: lessons learned Toni Kasole Lubala, Nina Lubala, Augustin Mulangu Mutombo, Olivier Mukuku, Oscar Numbi Luboya Faculty of Medecine, University of Lubumbashi, BP 1825, Democratic Republic of Congo Corresponding author: Olivier Mukuku, Faculty of Medecine, University of Lubumbashi, BP 1825, Dem...

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The Baby Fae experiment has highlighted the growing trend in medicine of using animal parts in the treatment of humans. This paper raises the question of the logical and moral justification for these current practices and their proposed expansion. We argue that the Cognitive Capacity Principle establishes morally justified necessary and sufficient conditions for the use of non-human animals in ...

INTRODUCTION Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is a cluster of abnormalities occurring in children born to mothers with histories of alcohol drinking during pregnancy, while fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is the full-blown syndrome. The diagnosis of FAS needs the existence of specific signs in each of the following categories: growth retardation, central nervous system involvement and the c...

BACKGROUND Alcohol exposure in pregnancy is a common and modifiable risk factor for poor pregnancy and child outcomes. Alcohol exposure in pregnancy can cause a range of physical and neurodevelopmental problems in the child including the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). In order to improve prevention strategies, we sought to describe the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing ...

OBJECTIVES The purposes of this investigation were to determine the frequencies of and associations between different neurodevelopmental disorders and to study the potential lasting effects of alcohol on children adopted from eastern Europe. METHODS In a population-based, prospective, observational, multidisciplinary, cross-sectional, cohort study of 71 children adopted from eastern Europe, c...

Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the leading known preventable cause of mental retardation. FAS is on most severe side fetal spectrum disorders that stem from deleterious effects prenatal exposure. Affecting as many 1 to 5 out 100 children, FASD often results in brain abnormalities extend structure, function, and cerebral hemodynamics. The present review provides an analysis high-resolution im...

Social drinking in pregnancy is common in many countries despite the fact that alcohol in high doses has teratogenic properties. The public health implications would be appreciable if even moderate alcohol consumption were associated with embryonal or fetal maldevelopment. A presumably sensitive marker of an alcohol effect was used in this study, namely the fetal craniofacial features included ...

Considerable efforts to educate women not to abuse alcohol during pregnancy have failed to reduce the incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome. Therefore, other approaches to limit the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure are under consideration, including the development of prevention programs and interventions. For these strategies to be as successful as possible, it also is important to improve m...