BACKGROUND Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is the result of nonresolving pulmonary emboli that lead to chronic obstruction of the central pulmonary arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine if the failure to lyse pulmonary thromboemboli is caused by the local expression of the primary inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor, PAI-1)...

= Abstract =Fibrin deposits injure small vessels. To evaluate the effect of fibrinolysis, patients with glomerular diseases having glomerular thrombi received the snake venom enzyme, ancrod, for 14 days. Within 48 hours, the mean level of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products(FOP) was very high, and bimodally distributed, defining lowln = 11) and high(n = 18) FOP responses. In the low FOP grou...

Upon plaque rupture or vascular injury, tissue factor (TF) protein in the vessel wall becomes exposed to flowing blood, initiating a cascade of reactions resulting in the deposition of fibrin and platelets on the injured site. Paradoxically, the growing thrombus may act as a barrier, restricting the convective and diffusive exchange of substrates and coagulation products between the blood and r...

Fibrinolytic therapy of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increasingly utilized, yet limited knowledge is available regarding in vivo mechanisms that govern fibrinolytic efficacy. In particular, it is unknown how age-dependent thrombus organization limits direct blood contact with fibrin, the target of blood-based fibrinolytic agents. Utilizing high-resolution in vivo optical molecular imaging wi...

Shiga toxin 1 (Stx-1) and Stx-2 produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli cause the diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). This type of HUS is characterized by obstruction of the glomeruli and renal microvasculature by platelet-fibrin thrombi, acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia, microvascular hemolytic anemia, and plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF)–cleaving prote...

The protease thrombin is required for normal hemostasis and pathologic thrombogenesis. Since the mechanism of coagulation factor XI (FXI)–dependent thrombus growth remains unclear, we investigated the contribution of FXI to thrombus formation in a primate thrombosis model. Pretreatment of baboons with a novel anti–human FXI monoclonal antibody (aXIMab; 2 mg/kg) inhibited plasma FXI by at least ...

Solitary benign angiolipoma and infiltrative angiolipoma are rare tumours in dogs. Angiolipomata can be distinguished histologically from lipomata by the large number of tightly packed blood vessels seen between the adipocytes with multiple fibrin thrombi occupying some of the vessels' lumens. The dog presented with a solitary slow-growing mass in the cervical region. Histopathology revealed mu...

The coronary microcirculation was examined for platelet and fibrin thrombi in hearts from 21 normal subjects and 244 cardiac patients, including 168 with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 76 with other types of heart disease. Seventy-seven cases were sudden cardiac death (SCD). No microthrombi were present in any of the normal hearts, whereas platelet and fibrin thrombin were present in the coro...