It is common for subsurface flow to transition between porous and fractured media. Two examples include vertical infiltration of precipitation through a permeable soil overlying a fractured bedrock, and horizontal ground water flow through a combination of porous and fractured geologic units. A reduction in flow or flow impedance may occur across these interfaces caused by head losses associate...

osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. in addition to morbidity, osteoporotic fractures also increase mortality risk in affected patients. enough evidence is not available to indicate that, like western countries, osteoporosis is a public health problem in iran. therefore emrc planned to estimate the burden of osteoporotic fractures in year 2001 based on existing sources of dat...

Uncontrolled groundwater outbursts from underlying limestone aquifers into mining excavations present a significant safety challenge for underground coal mining in China. Although these mining hazards have been known for decades, the mechanism for groundwater outbursts remains elusive. A fully coupled flow-stress-damage model is presented to simulate the progressive development of fractures and...

Staged multi-cluster fracturing of horizontal wells is one the most important tools to achieve efficient development unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. The multi-stage technique forms complex fractures with multiple clusters branches in formation, causing competing diversions leading more proppant transport patterns, placement method determines flow conductivity fractures, so it necessary i...

conclusion for the identification of nasal bone fractures, ct was significantly superior to conventional radiography. although a staff radiologist showed better values in the identification of nasal bone fracture and differentiation between depressed and non-depressed fractures than a trainee, there was no statistically significant difference in the interpretation of conventional radiography an...

Abstract Fractures provide preferential flow paths and establish the internal “plumbing” of rock mass. Fracture surface roughness matedness between surfaces combine to delineate fracture geometric aperture. New published measurements show inherent relation wavelength amplitude. In fact, data cluster along a power trend consistent with fractal topography. Synthetic created using this law, kinema...

background: fracture, is discontinuity of anatomical bone relations. commonly, a maxillofacial fracture occurs after trauma but the etiology and pattern of this entity is different amongst countries. the aim of this study was to clarify the main causes of this entity in yazd to increase public and professional awareness to prevent more injuries and subsequent consequences. materials and methods...