The Cryogenic Carbon CaptureTM (CCC) process is a retrofit, post-combustion technology that desublimates CO2 in the flue gas, separates the resulting solid from the remaining light gases, pressurizes the solid CO2, melts the CO2 and warms the light gas, and completes the CO2 pressurization with liquid CO2. This skid-scale CCC system has demonstrated successful carbon capture of 90–99% from simu...

Cost effective carbon sequestration schemes have been identified as a key need for dealing with carbon dioxide's (CO 2) impact on global climate change. Two main approaches are being pursued for sequestration: the enhancement of biological carbon sinks, and the capture and storage of CO 2. Since the bulk of the cost in a capture and storage sequestration scheme stems from CO 2 separation and co...

CO2 separation using reactive solvents is considered to be a technically viable option for capturing of CO2 from flue gas streams. However, the cost of CO2 capture using conventional solvents such as aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine (MEA) is prohibitively high. Nearly half of the total cost is due to operational costs, of which about 70 to 80% can be contributed to the cost of regeneration...

On combustion, the trace elements in the incinerator feed stream are partitioned between the bottom ash (slag) stream, and a flue gas stream containing suspended fly ash and vapors of volatile elements or compounds. A further partitioning of the flue gas stream takes place in the particulate emission control devices that efficiently remove larger fly ash particles but are less efficient for vap...

The dry treatment of flue gas produced by incineration processes is discussed thermodynamically. The study investigates the theoretical limits achieved by sodium and calcium based sorbents in the removal of the pollutant species HCl, NOx and SO2. Calculations were performed varying the temperature and the molar ratio between the amount of the injected alkaline sorbent and the content of the pol...

Here we show that combustion sources, including waste incinerators, metallurgical processes, power-heating systems and so on, are also important emitters of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) to the atmosphere. Geometric mean PBDE concentrations in the stack flue gases of the combustion sources ranged from 8.07 to 469 ng/Nm3. The sinter plants (24.7 mg/h), electric arc furnaces (EAFs) (11.3...

This article gives an overview of the Electric Energy Storage (EES) library, which is proposed for inclusion in the Modelica Standard Library. The library contains models with different complexity for simulating of electric energy storages like batteries (single cells as well as stacks) interacting with loads, battery management systems and charging devices. It is shown how the models are defin...

In response to the growing contribution of the trucking sector to global warming and local air quality impacts, many nations and regions around the world have developed programs and policies to improve the environmental performance of heavy-duty vehicle fleets. To date, Japan, the U.S., Canada, and China have enacted mandatory fuel efficiency or greenhouse gas (GHG) standards for new heavy-duty...