The rapid emergence of nanoelectronics, with the consequent rise in transistor density and switching speed, has led to a steep increase in chip heat flux and growing concern over the emergence of onchip “hot spots” in microprocessors, along with such high flux regions in power electronic chips and LED’s. Miniaturized thermoelectric coolers (μ-TEC’s) are a most promising cooling technique for th...

In the paper a new way of DTC control method analysis to explain flux and current distortion at a low speed of motor operation is discussed. As a result, a new DTC-δ algorithm is proposed. It is important that the DTC-δ algorithm uses the same switching table as the DTC method. The modified DTC algorithms are free from the disadvantages of the conventional DTC method i.e. hexagonal flux and str...

A new control structure for sensorless induction machine dedicated to electrical drives using a three-level voltage source inverter VSI-NPC is completely analysed. The amplitude and the rotating velocity of the flux vector could be controlled freely. Both fast torque and optimal switching logic could be achieved; the selection is based on the value of the stator flux and the torque. A novel DTC...

An ability to precisely regulate the quantity and location of molecular flux is of value in applications such as nanoscale three-dimensional printing, catalysis and sensor design. Barrier materials containing pores with molecular dimensions have previously been used to manipulate molecular compositions in the gas phase, but have so far been unable to offer controlled gas transport through indiv...

We now justify the limit of approximately adiabatic switching (discussed in the Effective Action section of the main text), which underpins our functional-integral formalism. The extent to which the assumption of adiabatic switching fails is given by the flux of energy through the system, which is the sum of the irreversible contributions due to (i) spontaneous emission and (ii) cavity-photon l...

We report the design and measurement of superconducting/normal/superconducting SNS proximity dc squids in the long-junction limit, i.e., superconducting loops interrupted by two normal metal wires, which are roughly a micrometer long. Thanks to the clean interface between the metals, a large supercurrent flows through the device at low temperature. The dc squidlike geometry leads to an almost c...

Since the air-gap field of flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines is difficult to regulate as it is produced by the stator-magnets alone, a type of hybrid-excited flux-switching (HEFS) machine is obtained by reducing the magnet length of an original FSPM machine and introducing a set of field windings into the saved space. In this paper, the steady-state characteristics, especially for...

A novel modular-stator outer-rotor flux-switching permanent-magnet (MSOR-FSPM) motor is proposed and studied in this paper. Structure, operation and design principles of the MSOR-FSPM motor are introduced and analyzed. Considering that the combination of different pole number and slot number has a great influence on the motor performance, the optimum rotor pole number for the 12-stator-slot MSO...

In this study an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System is introduced to select the switching states of Matrix Converters. Matrix converters have received more attention in research and industrial application due its advantages like four quadrant operation, sinusoidal input and output waveforms, controllable displacement factor, less number of switches etc., Matrix Converters are efficient in sp...

We present the conditions in which a toroidal type, line frequency, power transformer can yield reduced stray magnetic field, reduced weight and size, and improved efficiency over an E-I laminate transformer in single phase linear power supplies. These benefits must be considered in relation to the disadvantages of slightly higher cost and greater inrush current. WHY CHOOSE A LINEAR POWER SUPPL...