This study aims to determine the extent which influence of credit improve farmers' welfare. uses a meta-analysis approach from international and national journals published 2018 2021. The results several journal articles show that is very helpful in agricultural process can welfare for farmers, especially farmers. Family Family, this because by getting farmers will be able carry out their busin...

Taking a livelihood perspective to study tourism has become popular in recent years, but as an essential part of livelihood analysis, institutional processes have not yet received enough attention. This study focuses on the influences of formal and informal institutions on small tourism businesses in rural areas. A case study was conducted in Hong Kong, and the entitlements framework was adopte...

considering the expansion of global poverty and its resulting concerns, the objectives of the millennium development goals (mdgs) may not be achieved unless a solution is found for this widespread phenomenon. therefore finding a solution for poverty reduction and improving the welfare of the vulnerable group has become a universal objective. this paper discusses the poor performance of formal f...

This study on prisoners' diseases and food conditions in the early days of operation of the Casa de Prisão com Trabalho (labor penitentiary) in Salvador, Bahia, analyzes prisoner strategies for obtaining medical treatment and decent food. In their resistance and struggle to achieve more breathing room within the new prison model, which authorities hoped to implement at Bahia's first penitentiar...

This article explores the relationship between individuals’ media use during incarceration and their re-entry experience. Previous research suggests that mass media may facilitate the transition from prison to the free world because they can normalise life in the penitentiary and keep prisoners informed about major events and developments in society. The findings of a quantitative study into th...

household data are used in this study to assess the transaction costs of obtaining credit from formal and semiformal institutions in rural iran. a survey was employed to gather the data needed to determine the transaction costs that must be borne by the borrower in each step of the credit procurement process. data were collected from a random sample of 459 households, including 272 borrower hou...

Despite its importance for the global hospitality and tourism industry, firm creation remains an under-researched activity, particularly in terms of differences across developing and developed economies. By examining the impact of institutional structure on firm creation across economies of varying development levels, this study aims to address gaps in the literature and inform theory, practice...

Introduction The goal here is to devise an indicator for development. This indicator is being sought in addition to more conventional measures of water infrastructure in a region and the region’s formal measures of economic performance. Defining such a metric can take many approaches, such as a focus on institutions for human cooperation and resource management. I have adopted a different path ...

given in full, with their reasons for assigning the punishment for life only :? " We have ready made to our hands a weapon of tremendous power. The horror with which the people regard transportation is a feeling born with them, and the questions whether it bo a wise or foolish feeling, whether it be a just deduction from true premises, or the result of ignorance and superstition, are nothing to...