Barltrop, D., and Oppe, T. E. (1973). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 48, 580. Calcium and fat absorption by low birthweight infants from a calciumsupplemented milk formula. The retention of calcium and fat by low birthweight infants from two milks differing only in their calcium content has been determined. Calcium supplementation of the milk formula resulted in enhanced retentions of calciu...

Background Breastfeeding is the gold standard of infant feeding, however not all infants with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) tolerate human milk. In these cases, it seems recommended the use of extensively hydrolyzed formula (eHF). Preliminary analyses such as antigenicity and protein quality evaluation are needed to ensure that new formula will be nutritionally suitable, tolerated and safe ...

The American Academy of Pediatrics is committed to breastfeeding as the ideal source of nutrition for infants. For those infants who are formula-fed, either as a supplement to breastfeeding or exclusively during their infancy, it is common practice for pediatricians to change the formula when symptoms of intolerance occur. Decisions about when the formula should be changed and which formula sho...

Soy protein-based formulas have been available for almost 100 years. Since the first use of soy formula as a milk substitute for an infant unable to tolerate a cow milk protein-based formula, the formulation has changed to the current soy protein isolate. Despite very limited indications for its use, soy protein-based formulas in the United States may account for nearly 25% of the formula marke...

Immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgD and IgM) in human milk, cow milk and infant formula milk has been analysed by FTIR spectroscopy. This technique has been successfully carried out and the role of FTIR spectroscopy in analyzing the immunoglobulin of human milk, cow milk and infant formula milk are clearly demonstrated both qualitatively and quantitatively. Among the milk of human, cow and infant for...

BACKGROUND Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a severe, cell-mediated food allergy in which digestive symptoms such as severe vomiting and diarrhea are induced by cow's milk and/or soy protein in infants. Generally, a food-specific IgE is not detected, and FPIES may be caused by inadvertent exposure to allergenic foods. CASE SUMMARY The patient in our case was a male infan...

OBJECTIVE To verify the type of milk consumed by children under one year of age and identify variables associated with non-maternal milk consumption (formula or cow milk). METHODS Cross-sectional study developed during the 2012 National Vaccination Campaign against Poliomyelitis. The companions of 935 children under one year of age answered a structured questionnaire on the child's diet in th...

OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of, and mothers' self-reported reasons for, introducing solid foods to infants earlier than recommended (aged <4 months) and the variation in reasons for early introduction by milk feeding type. METHODS The study included 1334 mothers who participated in the national longitudinal Infant Feeding Practices Study II (2005-2007). Monthly 7-day food-frequency qu...

Increased protein supply by feeding cow-milk-based infant formula in comparison to lower protein content of human milk is a well-recognized major risk factor of childhood obesity. However, there is yet no conclusive biochemical concept explaining the mechanisms of formula-induced childhood obesity. It is the intention of this article to provide the biochemical link between leucine-mediated sign...