The basidiomycete Ustilago maydis is the causal agent of corn smut disease and induces tumor formation during biotrophic growth in its host maize (Zea mays). We have conducted a combined metabolome and transcriptome survey of infected leaves between 1 d post infection (dpi) and 8 dpi, representing infected leaf primordia and fully developed tumors, respectively. At 4 and 8 dpi, we observed a su...

this paper considers the generation of some interpretable fuzzy rules for assigning an amino acid sequence into the appropriate protein superfamily. since the main objective of this classifier is the interpretability of rules, we have used the distribution of amino acids in the sequences of proteins as features. these features are the occurrence probabilities of six exchange groups in the seque...

There have been several investigations on the amino acid nutrition of Streptomyces. Early work on this subject by Waksman (1920) showed that certain single amino acids satisfied the nitrogen requirements of representative species of the genus Streptomyces. Considerable specificity in the ability to deaminate amino acids is exhibited by Streptomyces, as Woodruff and Foster (1943) have shown with...

L-Asparaginases catalyse the hydrolysis of asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. In addition, L-asparaginase is involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids such as lysine, methionine and threonine. These enzymes have been used as chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and other haematopoietic malignancies since the tumour cells cannot synthesize sufficient...

One dominant structure has been identified analysing the rotational spectrum of asparagine in sharp contrast with the multiconformational behaviour for other amino acids with polar side chains. This locking of the conformational variety to a single conformer has been ascribed to an intramolecular hydrogen bonding network involving α-amine, α-carboxylic and amide groups.

The uptake of sixteen (14)C-labeled amino acids by the indigenous heterotrophic microflora of Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, was measured using the kinetic approach. The year-long study showed a seasonal variation in the maximum uptake velocity, V(max), of all the amino acids which was proportional to temperature. The maximum total flux of amino acids by the heterotrophic microflora ranged from 1....

von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric adhesive glycoprotein essential for normal hemostasis. We have discovered that cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells incorporate inorganic sulfate into vWF. Following immunoisolation and analysis by polyacrylamide or agarose gel electrophoresis, metabolically labeled vWF was found to have incorporated [35S]-sulfate into all secreted multimer...

Diurnal variations in nitrate reductase (NR) activity and nitrogen metabolites were examined in wild-type Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and transformants with various degrees of NR deregulation. In the C1 line, NR was only deregulated at the transcriptional level by placing the NR gene under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter. In the Del8 and S521D lines, NR was additional...

The free amino acid concentrations in cotyledons and axes of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Wells) seedlings were determined by automated single column analysis after germination at 10 and 23 C. After 5 days germination at 10 C, glutamate and aspartate were in high concentration in both cotyledons and axes (38 and 24% of total free amino acids recovered, respectively), whereas the concentr...

improve forage quantity and quality using organic and biological fertilizers production of important needs in dryland farming systems of the country. in this study the effects of foliar application of four different combinations of amino acid four different time steps were germinated plant growth, stem elongation, flowering and spraying all three steps above with the control treatment was carri...