Processing of visual information is performed in different cortical areas that are interconnected by feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) pathways. Although FF and FB inputs are excitatory, their influences on pyramidal neurons also depend on the outputs of GABAergic neurons, which receive FF and FB inputs. Rat visual cortex contains at least three different families of GABAergic neurons that exp...

Fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides found on corn and corn-based foods. It causes equine leukoencephalomalacia, porcine pulmonary edema, and liver and kidney damage in most animal species. Fumonisin B(1) perturbs sphingolipid metabolism by inhibiting ceramide synthase activity, leading to the production of cell signaling factors including tumor necrosis fa...

I review the current status of lattice calculations of the properties of bound states containing one or more heavy quarks. Many of my remarks focus on the heavy-light leptonic decay constants, such as fB, for which the systematic errors have by now been quite well studied. I also discuss B-parameters, semileptonic form factors, and the heavy-light and heavy-heavy spectra. Some of my " world ave...

This paper studies fractional processes that may be perturbed by weakly dependent time series. The model for a perturbed fractional process has a components framework in which there may be components of both long and short memory. All commonly used estimates of the long memory parameter (such as log periodogram (LP) regression) may be used in a components model where the data are affected by we...

The aim of the present study was to identify Candida albicans transcription factors (TFs) involved in virulence. Although mice are considered the gold-standard model to study fungal virulence, mini-host infection models have been increasingly used. Here, barcoded TF mutants were first screened in mice by pools of strains and fungal burdens (FBs) quantified in kidneys. Mutants of unannotated gen...

Free chlorine (FC) and free bromine (FB) produced during ozonation treatment of aquarium seawater pose a serious threat to the health of ornamental aquatic animals, but little is known about the concentration levels of these chemicals in aquarium facilities. In this study, a highly selective and sensitive analytical method based on the derivatization of FC and FB to corresponding 4-halo-2,6dime...

How does the use of social networking sites (SNSs) affect social capital offline and online? The increasing popularity of SNSs such as Facebook (FB) implies a significant change in the way we interact with others. In an extensive longitudinal study (N = 311), carried out in Norway between 2008 2010, we examined the relationship between FB use and social capital, with a focus on interpersonal in...

We surveyed households in rural and urban areas of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, to assess the exposure of the inhabitants to fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides. In southern African regions maize, used as a staple food by the population, is prone to F. verticillioides infection. Furthermore, high levels of FB(1) in maize have been associated with esophageal ...

• 1 item and N bidders • private valuations: vi ∈ {ǫ, 2ǫ, . . . ,mǫ} • private budgets: bi st b1 < b2 < · · · < bk • private types: t = (v, b) • type distribution: t ∼ π density function: fb(v) distribution function: Fb(v) • monotone hazard rate: (v, b) ≥ (v, b) → 1−Fb(v) fb(v) ≥ 1−Fb′ (v ) f b′ (v ′) • direct mechanism: M = (a, p) allocation probability a(t) (expected) payment p(t) Assumptions...