PURPOSE: The hypoxia-signaling pathway regulates endochondral ossification, and is critically important for proper modulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis following trauma. Although hypoxia inducible factor-1α (Hif-1α) and hypoxia inducible factor-2α (Hif2α) are critical mediators of this pathway, the role of these factors in fracture healing remains unclear, particularly wit...

Most of what is known about fracture healing comes from studies of shaft fractures in long bones. In contrast, patients more often have fractures closer to the ends (metaphyses). Here most bone tissue has a spongy, cancellous structure different from the compact bone of the shaft. There is an increasing awareness that metaphyseal fractures heal differently. However, the more easily studied shaf...

Osteoporosis is an inflammatory bone disease affecting millions of population worldwide, which often cause increased fracture risks and prolonged fracture healing. Growing evidence suggests that IKK-NF-κB signaling exert inhibitory influence on MSCs osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. Moreover, enhance the fracture healing process in osteoporosis patient. In the current work, IKK-NF-...

PURPOSE To investigate the accelerating effects of low-intensity pulse ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) on the fracture healing of distal radius. METHODS A total of 81 patients with distal radius fracture were randomly divided into two groups: the ultrasound treatment group and the control group. Patients in the ultrasound treatment group were immobilized in a below-elbow cast and received LIPU...

A self-healing fiber-reinforced structural polymer matrix composite material is demonstrated. In the composite, a microencapsulated healing agent and a solid chemical catalyst are dispersed within the polymer matrix phase. Healing is triggered by crack propagation through the microcapsules, which then release the healing agent into the crack plane. Subsequent exposure of the healing agent to th...

VEGF is a well known angiogenic peptide which has been shown to be central to endochondral ossification. Secondary fracture healing involves a combination of intramembranous and endochondral ossification. VEGF has been recently shown to be chemotactic for osteoblasts [1] and chondroclasts and central to endochondral ossification [2]. Fracture healing physiology involves a complex cascade of num...

Computational studies have recently gained significant interest in engineering applications for the virtual monitoring of bone pathologies such as osteoporosis and fracture healing. Several authors have investigated numerically the role of quantitative ultrasound as a diagnostic and monitoring tool of the fracture healing process since ultrasonic techniques are non-invasive and non-ionizing mea...

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass, bone fragility and increased susceptibility to fracture. Fracture healing in osteoporosis is delayed and rates of implant failure are high with few biological treatment options available. This study aimed to determine whether a single dose of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) in a collagen/carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC) composite enh...

BACKGROUND Fracture healing is orchestrated by a specific set of events that culminates in the repair of bone and reachievement of its biomechanical properties. The aim of our work was to study the sequence of gene expression events involved in inflammation and bone remodeling occurring in the early phases of callus formation in osteoporotic patients. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Fifty-six ...