We hypothesized that insulin alters plasma free fatty acid (FFA) trafficking into intramyocellular (im) long-chain acylcarnitines (imLCAC) and triglycerides (imTG). Overnight-fasted adults (n = 41) received intravenous infusions of [U-¹³C]palmitate (0400-0900 h) and [U-¹³C]oleate (0800-1400 h) to label imTG and imLCAC. A euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic (1.0 mU·kg fat-free mass⁻¹·min⁻¹) clamp (0800-...

the effect of a selected autochthonous starter culture made up by streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis and lactobacillus helveticus on the microbiological and physicochemical properties of pecorino romano cheese during ripening was investigated. the suitability of the experimental starter culture was tested at industrial scales in cheese-making trials of pecor...

The arterio-venous balance (A-V balance/difference) technique has been used by a number of groups, including ours, to study skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism. Several lines of evidence indicate that, like glycogen, intramyocellular triglycerides (imcTG) are an energy source for local use. As such, the report that increased release of free fatty acids (FFA) via lipolysis from skeletal muscle...

Microbially produced fatty acids are potential precursors to high-energy-density biofuels, including alkanes and alkyl ethyl esters, by either catalytic conversion of free fatty acids (FFAs) or enzymatic conversion of acyl-acyl carrier protein or acyl-coenzyme A intermediates. Metabolic engineering efforts aimed at overproducing FFAs in Escherichia coli have achieved less than 30% of the maximu...

Insulin resistance as well as pancreatic beta-cell failure can be induced by elevated free fatty acid (FFA) levels. We studied the mechanisms of FFA-induced apoptosis in rat and human beta-cells. Chronic treatment with high physiological levels of saturated fatty acids (palmitate and stearate), but not with monounsaturated (palmitoleate and oleate) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleate), tr...

The accumulation of fat in the liver under many diverse experimental conditions has frequently been used as an index of fat mobilization from adipose tissue (1-6). In recent years, it has become clear that the free fatty acids (FFA) of the plasma represent a major transport form for mobilization of lipid from adipose tissue (7, 8) and methods are now generally available for measurement of this ...

The model for export of fatty acids from plastids proposes that the acyl-ACP (acyl carrier protein) product of de novo fatty acid synthesis is hydrolyzed in the stroma by acyl-ACP thioesterases and the free fatty acid (FFA) released is then transferred to the outer envelope of the plastid where it is reactivated to acyl-CoA for utilization in cytosolic glycerolipid synthesis. Experiments were p...

Triiodothyronine (T(3)) can influence lipid metabolism via multiple mechanisms, which generally result in an increase of fatty acids (FAs) oxidation. Consequently, we hypothesize that hyperthyroidism may influence intramuscular lipids accumulation. This increased intramuscular lipid turn-over is possibly accompanied by an increase in fatty acid transporters expression (FAT/CD36, FABPpm, FATP-1,...

background: due to high content of unsaturated fatty acids, trout is susceptible to oxidative spoilage. in this study, the effects of thymus vulgaris essential oil (eo) and extract on oxidative stability of cooked rainbow trout fillet during four months frozen storage period were investigated. methods: three groups of fish fillets were treated with thyme eo and three other groups were treated w...