OBJECTIVE This article describes ordering of diagnostic tests, admission rates, and antibiotic administration among visits to US emergency departments (EDs) by children aged 3 to 36 months with fever without source (FWS). METHODS The 2006-2008 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey-Emergency Department was used to identify visits by 3- to 36-month-old children with FWS. Percentages ...

Subsurface environment sensing and monitoring applications such as detection of water intrusion or a landslide, which could significantly change the physical properties of the host soil, can be accomplished using a novel concept, Wireless Signal Networks (WSiNs). The wireless signal networks take advantage of the variations of radio signal strength on the distributed underground sensor nodes of...

ground penetrating radar (gpr) method as a high resolution non-destructive geophysical method is used for detection of shallow subsurface targets. this method is based on the transmission of electromagnetic waves inside the earth and recording the reflected waves from the subsurface. as the method uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the frequency ranges of 12.5 to 2500 mhz (called gpr ...

Much of the row crop production agriculture in the Midwest occurs on soils developed from glacial till, but little research has addressed herbicide biodegradation in subsurface till. This study investigated the ability of indigenous microorganisms to mineralize the herbicide 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) at sites in Iowa and Indiana. Microorganisms were able to mineralize 2,4-D, with r...

important factors in controlling subsurface flow and/or contaminant transport, and/or evaluating regional and Constructed wetlands (CWs) are becoming increasingly popular global water cycles (Scanlon et al., 2002). worldwide for removing organic matter (OM), nutrients, trace elements, pathogens, or other pollutants from wastewater and/or runoff Many or most vadose zone models consider the trans...

Excessive application of swine manure to a field over long durations can increase nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 -N) leaching as a result of accumulation of more nutrients in the root zone than the subsequent crops may need. The objective of this study was to use the GLEAMS (V.2.1) model to compare measured versus simulated effects of swine manure application with urea-ammonium-nitrate (UAN) on subsurf...