inclined retaining walls with slopes less than perpendicular are appropriate candidates in several engineering problems. yet, to the knowledge of authors, only a few analytical solution for calculation of active earth pressure on such walls, which will be usually smaller than the same pressure on vertical ones, has been presented neither in research papers nor in design codes. considering limit...

Saturated soil shear strength is a primary factor that reflects the driving resistance of agricultural machinery in paddy soils. The determination indicators, such as cohesion and internal frictional angle, crucial to improve walking efficiency However, measurement these indicators often costly time-consuming. Soil moisture content, density, clay content are factors affect friction while very l...

Diatoms are microscopic algae with a skeleton called frustule, formed chiefly of silica, and found in almost all aquatic environments climatic conditions. Diatomaceous soils (DSs) originate from frustule sedimentation. In civil works (design construction), the uncommon values obtained DSs not completely understood. There needs to be more knowledge about strength compressibility DSs. The stabili...

This article presents a mathematical model for generating annoying scratching sounds. Such sounds are generated by frictional motion and have been attributed to the chaotic nature of the frequency spectrum thereby produced. The proposed model is based on the logistic map and is modified to have the stick-slip property of a frictional vibration. The resulting sound is similar to that generated b...

the forging model for cold rolling is one of rolling models that is used in rolling calculations. in this model,the final rolling pressure is an average value and it is not an accurate model.also by using this model,the firction hill curves are plotted due to the central point of the rolling bite length while frictional stresses intersect at the neutral point.in this study, a new model based on...

Experiments on confined two-phase flow systems, involving air and a dense suspension, have revealed a diverse set of flow morphologies. As the air displaces the suspension, the beads that make up the suspension can accumulate along the interface. The dynamics can generate "frictional fingers" of air coated by densely packed grains. We present here a simplified model for the dynamics together wi...

Slow earthquakes represent an important conundrum in earthquake physics. While regular earthquakes are catastrophic events with rupture velocities governed by elastic wave speed, the processes that underlie slow fault slip phenomena, including recent discoveries of tremor, slow-slip and low-frequency earthquakes, are less understood. Theoretical models and sparse laboratory observations have pr...

The process by which sheared suspensions go through a dramatic change in viscosity is known as discontinuous shear thickening. Although well-characterized on the macroscale, the microscopic mechanisms at play in this transition are still poorly understood. Here, by developing new experimental procedures based on quartz-tuning fork atomic force microscopy, we measure the pairwise frictional prof...

The pH-responsive frictional behavior of layer-by-layer assembled poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(acrylic acid) multilayers is quantified in different geometric forms of a continuous planar film and anisotropic tube forests. A mechanistic change from surface adhesion dominated frictional behavior to visco/poroelasticity-governed shear occurs for the planar film upon pH-stimulus. This pH...

In this paper, we will give conditions under which the equilibrium set of multi-degree-of-freedom non-linear mechanical systems with an arbitrary number of frictional unilateral constraints is attractive. The theorems for attractivity are proved by using the framework of measure differential inclusions together with a Lyapunov-type stability analysis and a generalisation of LaSalle’s invariance...