to be purchased collectively either through social or private insurance. Doctors sought to monopolize access to the resulting funds, which required "walking a tightrope between markets and government". Government help was needed to eliminate competition but no control over the profession was to be ceded in return. Hence the evolution of powerful self-regulating bodies such as the GMC and the AM...

The history of enteral feeding goes back about 3,500 years to the ancient Greeks and Egyptians, who infused nutrient solutions into the rectum to treat various bowel disorders. Over the centuries, experimentation and research have contributed to a greater understanding of nutrient requirements; methods to more accurately access the gastrointestinal tract; development of new materials to use in ...

Medicinal plants and culinary herbs have been used since ancient times. Essential oils (EO) are a mixture of numerous compounds, mainly terpenes, alcohols, acids, esters, epoxides, aldehydes, ketones,aminesandsulfides,thatareprobablyproducedbyplantsasaresponsetostress[1].[...].

This paper examines the influence of water on public health throughout history. Farming, settling down and building of villages and towns meant the start of the problems mankind suffers from this very day – how to get drinkable water for humans and cattle and how to manage the waste we produce. The availability of water in large quantities has been considered an essential part of a civilized wa...

amount of imaginative writing regarding the part played by malaria in bringing about the downfall of Rome. The author of this book, who has spent his life fighting malaria in the Roman Campagna and who cannot therefore be accused of underrating the importance of this disease, deals with facts, as far as history can be said to provide facts, and does not subscribe to this romantic view of the de...