This paper studies new properties of the front and back ends of a sorting network, and illustrates the utility of these in the search for new bounds on optimal sorting networks. Search focuses first on the “outsides” of the network and then on the inner part. All previous works focus only on properties of the front end of networks and on how to apply these to break symmetries in the search. The...

So far, there have been introduced many front-end studies, but most of them fail to present, in a consistent way, how the signals are transformed throughout the front-end itself. In this paper, it is intended to introduce a unique presentation of spectrum and signal transformation within RF front-ends. This approach should help researches to have better insight into the high-level modeling and ...

OBJECTIVE To measure the sagittal areas of the front and back cavities of the vocal tract in children acquiring speech. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ten female children were selected from the Serial Experimental collection of the Burlington Growth Centre in Toronto, Canada. Each of the 10 children was seen annually from ages 3 through 8. Data collections included lateral cephalograms in occlusion. We...

Backend dielectric breakdown degrades the reliability of circuits. A methodology to estimate chip lifetime due to backend dielectric breakdown is presented. It incorporates failures due to parallel tracks, the width effect, field enhancement due to line ends, and variation in activity and temperature. Different workloads are considered as well, in order to evaluate aging effects in microprocess...

Nowadays, current commercial and academic platforms for developing spoken dialogue applications lack of acceleration strategies based on using heuristic information from the contents or structure of the backend database in order to speed up the definition of the dialogue flow. In this paper we describe our attempts to take advantage of these information sources using the following strategies: t...

A digital telco approach can provide operators with the agility required to thrive in the Networked Society. This approach requires a transformation of both the front end and back end of an operator’s business. Applying Enterprise Architecture principles results in six key steps operators should take to bridge the gap between business, IT and networks and thereby secure an effective transformat...

Backend dielectric breakdown is one of the major sources of wearout for microprocessors. We present test data and a methodology to accurately estimate the lifetime for a microprocessor system due to backend dielectric breakdown. Our methodology incorporates activity in the nets surrounding each dielectric segment in the layout, temperature, and all layout spacings among parallel tracks. We anal...

We propose an OT-theoretic typology of vowel harmony systems based on a comparative study of front/back harmony. Harmony processes are governed by a general constraint that imposes feature agreement on neighboring segments. Disharmonic (“neutral”) segments arise when this constraint is dominated by markedness constraints and/or by faithfulness constraints that govern segment inventories. These ...

In this paper we describe a system that allows the user to rapidly construct complex software visualizations over a variety of data sources. The system provides the user with a visual front end that supports the definition of queries over multiple data sources without knowledge of the structure or contents of the sources and with a variety of high-density back end visualizations. It produces a ...