With the help of computer algorithms, we improve the lower bound on the Ramsey multiplicity of K4, and thus show that the exact value of it is equal to 9. The Ramsey multiplicity M(G) of a graph G is defined as the smallest number of monochromatic copies ofG in any two-coloring of edges of KR(G), whereR(G) is the Ramsey number of G, i.e. the smallest integer n such that any two-coloring of edge...

De Block, M., L. Herrera-Estrella, M. Van Montagu, J. Schell, and P. Zambryski. 1984. Expression of foreign genes in regenerated plants and their progeny. EMBO J. 6:2513–2518. Fraley, R.T., S.G. Rogers, R.B. Horsch, P.R. Sanders, J.S. Flick, S.P. Adams, M.L. Bittner, L.A. Brand, C.L. Fink, J.S. Fry, G.R. Galluppi, S.B. Goldberg, N.L. Hoffman, and S.C. Woo. 1983. Expression of bacterial genes in...

CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 85, NO. 9, 10 NOVEMBER 2003 1347 8. Songstad, D. D., Somers, D. A. and Griesbach, R. J., Recent advances in alternate DNA delivery techniques. Plant Cell Tissue Org. Cult., 1995, 40, 1–15. 9. Klein, T. M., Fromm, M. E., Weissigner, A., Tomer, D., Schaaf, S., Sletten, M. and Sanford, J. C., Transfer of foreign genes into intact maize cells with high-velocity microprojectile...

The damaging effects of employment have been discussed for many years. Marx identified several possible forms of alienation. Laborers can be alienated from the product of their labor (Marx, 1963 trans.). They can also be alienated from the process of production, making work external from their nature and not improving their abilities. In Marx’s view capitalists abuse the power of ownership to a...

This is the first of four articles scheduled for publication in this journal on the position people with normal and abnormal personalities take in regard to so-called existential dichotomies. The main objective of this article is to propose a new, existential criterion for normal and abnormal personality implicitly present in the works of Erich Fromm. According to this criterion, normal and abn...