Effect of the fungicide tetraconazole on microbial community in silt loam soils from orchard with long history of triazole application and from grassland with no known history of fungicide usage was investigated. Triazole tetraconazole that had never been used on these soils before was applied at the field rate and at tenfold the FR. Response of microbial communities to tetraconazole was invest...

In view of the essential role of phenolic compounds in the development of pathogen resistance in plants, and given the influence that fungicides exert over phenolic metabolism, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the application of different rates of fungicide on the metabolism of phenolic compounds in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Tennessee 86). The fungicide...

Field experiments were carried out at JUST agricultural research center during 1999-2000 growing season to evaluate the effects of soil amendment with olive mill by-products (Jift) on growth of faba bean and their symbiosis with VA fungi. Soil was amended with Jift at different levels (Jift: Soil; 0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7 and 4:6) and exposed to solarization, methyl bromide and fungicide treatments....

Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), but occurrence and severity diseases such as orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii), ring spot (Leptosphaeria sacchari), red rot (Colletotrichum falcatum) could be part several factors limiting its production reason for replacing cultivars. It important to use other forms disease control depending on time required ob...

In West and Central Africa, three foliar diseases—early leaf spot caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori; late leaf spot caused by Cercosporidium personatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis (syn. Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Arx); and rust caused by Puccinia arachidis Speg.— are major constraints to peanut production. Disease distribution and severity vary from region to region with yi...

Commercial products containing formulations of the vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) Glomus intraradices were assessed for their effectiveness in suppressing Allium white rot (WR) on onions (Allium cepa) in organic soils and compared with the fungicide Folicur 3.6F (430 g a.i./L tebuconazole) under field conditions. The trials were conducted during 2000 and 2001 in commercial onion fields in...

1. Environmental variables that positively affect one aspect of plant fitness, may have no effect, or even negatively affect some other component of fitness. 2. Using individuals of Achillea millefolium grown under field conditions in Michigan, USA, the hypothesis was tested that seed number was determined largely by plant biomass, while seed germination success depends on tissue nutrient conce...

Bees provide vital pollination services to the majority of flowering plants in both natural and agricultural systems. Unfortunately, both native and managed bee populations are experiencing declines, threatening the persistence of these plants and crops. Agricultural chemicals are one possible culprit contributing to bee declines. Even fungicides, generally considered safe for bees, have been s...

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (C. gloeosporioides; Teleomorph: Glomerella cingulata), is the most destructive disease that affects sweet persimmon production worldwide. However, the biology, ecology, and genetic variations of C. gloeosporioides remain largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, the development of fungicide resistance and genetic diversity among an anthrac...

Advances in enzyme stabilization and immobilization make the use of enzymes for industrial applications increasingly feasible. The lactoperoxidase (LPO) system is a naturally occurring enzyme system with known antimicrobial activity. Stabilized LPO and glucose oxidase (GOx) enzymes were combined with glucose, potassium iodide, and ammonium thiocyanate to create an anti-fungal formulation, which...