............................................................................................................iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..........................................................................................vii DEDICATION............................................................................................................ix TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................

PURPOSE This study examined the relationship between the near dissociated phoria and disparity vergence eye movements. Convergence insufficiency (CI) patients before vergence therapy were compared to: (1) the same patients after vergence therapy; and (2) binocularly normal controls (BNC). METHODS Sixteen subjects were studied-twelve BNC and four with CI. Measurements from the CI subjects were...

Natural viewing conditions place equal demands on the vergence and accommodation systems. The two responses are co-ordinated via the interactive components which couple the two systems: accommodative vergence and vergence accommodation. The crosslink components are usually quantified by the AC/A and CA/C ratios. Whether these ratios are stable entities, genetically determined, or modifiable by ...

Horizontal binocular eye movements of three subjects were recorded with the scleral sensor coil--revolving magnetic field technique during voluntary shifts of gaze between pairs of stationary, real, continuously visible targets. The target pairs were located either along the median plane (requiring symmetrical vergence), or on either side of the median plane (requiring asymmetrical vergence). S...

PURPOSE Human infants at greatest risk for esotropia are those who suffer cerebral insults that could decorrelate signals from the 2 eyes during an early critical period of binocular, visuomotor development. The author reared normal infant monkeys, under conditions of binocular decorrelation, to determine if this alone was sufficient to cause esotropia and associated behavioral as well as neuro...

215 ABSTRACT Introduction: Sensory fusion disruption syndrome (SFDS) is a rare consequence of acquired brain injury that causes diplopia even though there is bifoveal motoric alignment of the two eyes. These individuals frequently note that the images are near each other and may appear as if one image is behind the other. When a constant strabismus is present, the prism that neutralizes the str...

The purpose of the present study was to assess the occurrence of visual dysfunctions and associated symptoms in active duty warfighters during the subacute stage of blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). A comprehensive visual and oculomotor function evaluation was performed on 40 U.S. military personnel, 20 with blast-induced mTBI and 20 without. In addition, a comprehensive symptom...

We studied the dynamics of pure vergence shifts and vergence shifts combined with vertical and horizontal saccades. It is known from earlier studies that horizontal saccades accelerate horizontal vergence. We wanted to obtain a more complete picture of the interactions between version and vergence. Therefore we studied pure version (horizontal and vertical), pure vergence (divergence and conver...

AIM To determine the presence of symptomatic accommodative and non-strabismic binocular dysfunctions (ANSBD) in a non-presbyopic population of video display unit (VDU) users with flat-panel displays. METHODS One hundred and one VDU users, aged between 20 to 34y, initially participated in the study. This study excluded contact-lens wearers and subjects who had undergone refractive surgery or h...

We hypothesize that binocular coordination of saccades is based on continuous neuroplasticity involving interactions of saccades and vergence. To test this hypothesis we study reading saccades in young students who were diagnosed for vergence disorders before and after vergence rehabilitation. Following orthoptic evaluation and symptomatology screening, 5 weekly sessions of vergence rehabilitat...