to monitor the patient behavior, data are collected from patient’s body by a medical monitoring device so as to calculate the output using embedded software. incorrect calculations may endanger the patient’s life if the software fails to meet the patient’s requirements. accordingly, the veracity of the software behavior is a matter of concern in the medicine; moreover, the data collected from t...

GPS alone cannot provide the integrity needed for air navigation. Several error sources deteriorate the precision of the position estimate. One of the largest and more unpredictable sources of error for single frequency users is the ionosphere. For this reason, ionospheric behavior drives the performance of the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). At any given time, the only information we hav...

the present article discusses and presents a new and comprehensive approachaimed at measuring the maturity and quality of software processes. this method has beendesigned on the basis of the software capability maturity model (sw-cmm) and themulti-level fuzzy inference model and is used as a measurement and analysis tool. among themost important characteristics of this method one can mention si...

All practical digital circuits are usually a mixture of combinational and sequential logic. Flip–flops are essential to sequential logic therefore fuzzy flip–flops are considered to be among the most essential topics of fuzzy digital circuit. The concept of fuzzy digital circuit is among the most interesting applications of fuzzy sets and logic due to the fact that if there has to be an ultimat...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a technique used to compare efficiency in various sectors such as hospitals, chain stores, and dealerships. it represents a set of linear programming techniques and uses deter-ministic data (inputs and outputs), in stable conditions. the dea technique cannot be used when there is data with indeterministic nature, or when there is an environment with dynamic co...

fuzzy clustering methods are conveniently employed in constructing a fuzzy model of a system, but they need to tune some parameters. in this research, fcm is chosen for fuzzy clustering. parameters such as the number of clusters and the value of fuzzifier significantly influence the extent of generalization of the fuzzy model. these two parameters require tuning to reduce the overfitting in the...

haraz-ghareh su is one of the seven sub-basins of the caspian basin, located on the southern shores of the caspian sea, and as such, is in danger of water crisis due to absence of proper systematic policy and strategy. in this study, the pressure factors on the haraz-ghareh su water resources were identified using dpsir model. then, the pressure parameters on the freshwater resources in the cas...

The eco-hydrological wireless sensor network (EHWSN) in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin in China is designed to capture the spatial and temporal variability and to estimate the ground truth for validating the remote sensing productions. However, there is no available prior information about a target variable. To meet both requirements, a hybrid model-based sampling method without an...