introduction: the aim of this study was to assess the galvanic behavior of different bracket and archwire combinations that are commonly used in orthodontic treatments. methods: three types of orthodontic archwires with a diameter of 0.016×0.022 inch and 80 standard edgewise maxillary central incisor brackets were selected. three groups consisted of different wire-bracket couples and one group ...

BACKGROUND An enhanced release of metals in the mouth due to galvanic cell formation is considered to be one of the causes of oral discomfort. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of galvanic cell on salivary immune defense factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS The levels of IgA1, IgA2, sIgA, lysozyme and antiIgA/HSP60 were evaluated in representative samples from 159 patients with ...

To investigate the vestibular and somatosensory interaction in human postural control, a galvanic vestibular stimulation of cosine bell shape resulting in a small forward or backward body lean was paired with three vibrations of both soleus muscles. The induced body lean was registered by the position of the center of foot pressure (CoP). During a quiet stance with eyes closed the vibration of ...

We report a unified nontemplate approach to a variety of silver nanostructures, including nanobelts, dendrites, nanodisks, and nanoshells. The growth of these silver nanostructures occurs by galvanic displacement initiated by short-circuited nanobatteries formed between the copper nano/microparticles and protruding silver “seeds” on their surface. The silver nanostructures share analogous struc...

KEY POINTS Reaching movements can be perturbed by vestibular input, but the function of this response is unclear. Here, we applied galvanic vestibular stimulation concurrently with real body movement while subjects maintained arm position either fixed in space or fixed with respect to their body. During the fixed-in-space conditions, galvanic vestibular stimulation caused large changes in arm t...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Surgeons are hesitant to mix components made of differing metal classes for fear of galvanic corrosion complications. However, in vitro studies have failed to show a significant potential for galvanic corrosion between titanium and stainless steel, the two primary metallic alloys used for spinal implants. Galvanic corrosion resulting from metal mixing has not been described i...

In this paper, a pilot study on the relationship between significant information, presence and stress in virtual environments is presented. The experiment shown in this work was performed with a Medical Emergency Training Simulator based on virtual reality, and was conducted with two sets of subjects: critical care specialists and people without experience in medicine, trained to properly act w...