Introduction: Although there are several ways to relief pain in metastatic patients, the use of radionuclides is one of the known and effective ways to relieve the pain caused by bone metastases. The purpose of this study was to assessment of radiation dose distribution of different radioisotopes used to treatment and pain relief patients in a bone-based model based on Monte C...

We have developed a model which aims to reproduce observational data of many kinds related to cosmic-ray origin and propagation: direct measurements of nuclei, antiprotons, electrons and positrons, γ-rays, and synchrotron radiation. Our main results include evaluation of diffusion/convection and reacceleration models, estimates of the halo size, calculations of the interstellar positron and ant...

Nowadays, the separation of pistachios which seem to have aflatoxin is done according to their organoleptic physical qualities like color and etc. As these methods are not  fully practical, and there is always a possibility of error and also the conditions like the wrong time harvest, the transportation of picked pistachios, the delay on the processing cause some contaminations in pistachios wh...

We use the GEANT4 Monte Carlo framework to calculate the γ-ray albedo of the Moon due to interactions of cosmic ray (CR) nuclei with moon rock. Our calculation of the albedo spectrum agrees with the EGRET data. We show that the spectrum of γ-rays from the Moon is very steep with an effective cutoff around 3–4 GeV (600 MeV for the inner part of the Moon disk) and exhibits a narrow pion-decay lin...

In this study, gamma rays were used to irradiate embryogenic calli induced from cotyledon explants of Panax ginseng Meyer. After the embryogenic calli were irradiated, they were transferred to adventitious roots using an induction medium; next, mutated adventitious root (MAR) lines with a high frequency of adventitious root formations were selected. Two MAR lines (MAR 5-2 and MAR 5-9) from the ...

Cosmic ray protons accelerated in the internal shocks of a long duration gamma ray burst can escape the fireball by converting to neutrons. Hadronic interactions of these neutrons inside a stellar wind bubble created by the progenitor star will produce TeV gamma rays via neutral meson decay and synchrotron radiation by charged pion-decay electrons in the wind magnetic field. Such gamma rays may...