The goal of this study was to identify a reliable GARCH model for modeling and forecasting each economic variable in Nigeria, including the price crude oil, consumer index, exchange rate, inflation rate. Monthly secondary data simulated sets were that used. Between January 2004 December 2020, are covered. Beta Volatility Coefficient (BVC) proposed detecting volatility research data. Using metho...

Modelling and detecting structural changes in GARCH processes have attracted a great amount of attention in econometrics over the past few years. We generalize Dahlhaus and Rao (2006)’s time varying ARCH processes to time varying GARCH processes and show the consistency of the weighted quasi maximum likelihood estimator. A class of generalized likelihood ratio tests are proposed to check smooth...

Modeling financial volatility is an important part of empirical finance. This paper provides a literature review of the most relevant volatility models, with a particular focus on forecasting models. We firstly discuss the empirical foundations of different kinds of volatility. The paper, then, analyses the non-parametric measure of volatility, named realized variance, and its empirical applica...

a for forecasting purposes arises from the fact that this conditional mean is allowed to be a random varible which depends on the available data, and evolves with time. The conditional variance, however, is r simply var [x e x ] = var [ε ] =σ , which remains constant regardless of the given data. Thus, the linea t t −1 t ε AR (1) model fails to adequately describe the conditional variance. In p...

Conditional quantile estimation is an essential ingredient in modern risk management. Although GARCH processes have proven highly successful in modeling financial data it is generally recognized that it would be useful to consider a broader class of processes capable of representing more flexibly both asymmetry and tail behavior of conditional returns distributions. In this paper, we study esti...

The purpose of this research was to examine the dynamics volatility spillover between energy and environmental, social, sustainable indices. COVID19 prompted select April 2019 March 2022 as a sample period, respective data (Daily Prices) Nifty Energy ESG indices were obtained from National Stock Exchange India Limited. outcomes study confirmed that daily returns 100 not normally distributed rea...

In the presence of generalized conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) in the residuals of a vector error correction model (VECM), maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of the cointegration parameters has been shown to be efficient. On the other hand, full ML estimation of VECMs with GARCH residuals is computationally difficult and may not be feasible for larger models. Moreover, ML estimation of V...

A simple iterative algorithm for nonparametric 1rst-order GARCH modelling is proposed. This method o4ers an alternative to 1tting one of the many di4erent parametric GARCH speci1cations that have been proposed in the literature. A theoretical justi1cation for the algorithm is provided and examples of its application to simulated data from various stationary processes showing stochastic volatili...

We develop a misspecification test for the multiplicative two-component GARCHMIDAS model suggested in Engle et al. (2013). In the GARCH-MIDAS model a short-term unit variance GARCH component fluctuates around a smoothly timevarying long-term component which is driven by the dynamics of a macroeconomic explanatory variable. We suggest a Lagrange Multiplier statistic for testing the null hypothes...

It is shown empirically that mixed autoregressive moving average regression models with generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (Reg-ARMA-GARCH models) can have multimodality in the likelihood that is caused by a dummy variable in the conditional mean. Maximum likelihood estimates at the local and global modes are investigated and turn out to be qualitatively different, leadin...