Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany, 2 Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3 Institute of Sports Science, Sports Centre, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany, 4 Institute of Psychology, Fern-Universität Hagen, Hagen, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne,...

Introduction: The safety of the Unites States’ natural gas supply is of prime importance since 30% of the energy produced in the country is derived from it. Natural gas is supplied through a million miles of vast pipeline network [1]. Pipeline companies have an impressive safety record due to the proactive role of standards and inspection of pipelines. Since the pipelines are getting old, there...

In this paper, we use the Global Gas Model to analyze the perspectives and infrastructure needs of the European natural gas market until 2050. Three pathways of natural gas consumption in a future low-carbon energy system in Europe are envisaged: i) a decreasing natural gas consumption, along the results of the PRIMES model for the EMF decarbonization scenarios; ii) a moderate increase of natur...

Bracken fern, commonly found in hilly regions contains toxic substances. It is reported to cause alimentary carcinoma and haematuria in both animals and human beings. Present paper deals with the recent advances in bracken fern toxins research in animals. Keyword: Bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn, Toxin, Carcinogens, Animal, Human, Haematuria, Recent advances. IPC code; Int. cl.⎯ AO1N25/0...

This paper simulates transient compressible adiabatic gas flows in a long pipeline following a catastrophic failure using an implicit high order finite difference scheme as a discretisation technique for convective terms. A rupture is assumed to be occurred accidentally at a distance from the feeding point of a pipeline where the pipeline being divided into two distinct sections, high and low p...

The fundamental equations which describe the flow through gas and liquid pipelines are formally identical. However, the wide gap between the compressibility ranges of gases and liquids leads to quite different transport characteristics for both kinds of media. While for oil pipelines and pump stations specific topics like batch operation, surges, and possible slack line scenarios have to be con...

Integral or phenomenological consequence models are extensively used for explosion and dispersion studies at onshore petrochemical facilities. These models will generally ignore the influence of the geometry of the facility on the ventilation and flow patterns, the generation of flammable gas clouds, and any subsequent explosions. Another significant weakness of these models is the inability to...

It is in the interest of any gas company to maintain the value of its pipelines and to protect them effectively against damage caused by third parties. As a result of global progress in high-resolution remote sensing and image processing technology, it is now possible to design natural gas pipeline monitoring systems with remote sensors and context-oriented image processing software. Recent dev...

Volcan Santiaguito (Guatemala) “breathes” with extraordinary regularity as the edifice’s conduit system accumulates free gas, which periodically vents to the atmosphere. Periodic pressurization controls explosion timing, which nearly always occurs at peak inflation, as detected with tiltmeters. Tilt cycles in January 2012 reveal regular 26 ± 6min inflation/deflation cycles corresponding to at l...