Rising petroleum prices, an increasing threat to the environment from exhaust emissions, global warming and the threat of supply instabilities has led to the choice of inedible Mahua oil (MO) as one of the main alternative fuels to diesel oil in India. In the present work, MO was converted into biodiesel by transesterification using methanol and sodium hydroxide. The cost of Mahua oil biodiesel...

Abstract—Producer gas is a biomass derived gaseous fuel which is extensively used in internal combustion engines for power generation application. Unlike the conventional hydrocarbon fuels (Gasoline and Natural gas), the combustion properties of producer gas fuel are much different. Therefore, setting of optimal spark time for efficient engine operation is required. Owing to the fluctuating ten...

There is an immediate need to drastically reduce the emissions associated with global fossil fuel consumption in order to limit climate change. However, carbon-based materials, chemicals, and transportation fuels are predominantly made from fossil sources and currently there is no alternative source available to adequately displace them. Gas-fermenting microorganisms that fix carbon dioxide (CO...

The current understanding of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation within biomass burning (BB) plumes is limited by the incomplete identification and quantification of the non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) emitted from such fires. Gaseous organic compounds were collected on sorbent cartridges during laboratory burns as part of the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME4) and anal...

Climate change occurs as a result of absorption of infrared radiation which heats the atmosphere. Greenhouse gas emissions can increase the earth’s average temperatures since the majority of greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO2). Fossil fuels have historically played a major role as the world’s primary source of energy and will continue to assume that role for at least the next few decades....

In this study, the electrochemical reduction of gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) at low-intermediate temperatures (~250 °C) using a solid acid membrane cell was demonstrated, for first time. Compared to oxide fuel cells, which operate higher (>600 °C), system can utilize advantage CO2 reduction, while being considerably more simply implemented. A Cu-based electrocatalyst developed as cathode sid...

Four types of biomass (chicken waste, wood pellets, coffee residue, and tobacco stalks) were cofired at 30 wt % with a U.S. sub-bituminous coal (Powder River Basin Coal) in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed combustor. A cyclone, followed by a quartz filter, was used for fly ash removal during tests. The temperatures of the cyclone and filter were controlled at 250 and 150 degrees C, respectively...

The Syngas Chemical Looping (SCL) process converts gaseous fuels such as syngas and hydrocarbons into hydrogen and electricity while capturing 100% of the CO2 generated 1, . The SCL process simplifies the overall fuel conversion scheme while reducing pollutants in an indirect but highly effective manner. This is achieved via a specially tailored Fe2O3 based composite particle. As a result, hydr...