An exact Craik-Criminale (CC) solution to the incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equations describes the instability of an elliptical columnar flow interacting with a single Kelvin wave. These CC solutions are extended to allow multi-harmonic Kelvin waves to interact with any exact “base” solution of the NS equations. The interaction is evaluated along an arbitrarily chosen flowline of the base ...

Different treatments of the Kelvin effect in LES modeling of early contrails are shown to cause variations in the survival rate of ice particles by up to a factor of 4 and in optical depth and mean particle size by up to 50%. The Kelvin effect which varies exponentially with particle size, can reduce or even suppress the impact of other important ambient parameters, such as ice supersaturation,...

In this article, we propose to estimate the regression parameters in a semiparametric generalized linear model by moment estimating equations. These estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. We present two estimators of the nonparametric part, provide conditions for the existence and uniform consistency, and obtain faster rates of convergence under weaker assumptions.

This project discusses the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model and its application for longitudinal data. For many longitudinal studies involving a discrete (count or categorical) response variable, and for some studies involving a continuous response variable, it is difficult to justify a fully parametric model for the data. In these circumstances, the method of GEE provides consistent...

Continuous wave operation of quantum cascade lasers is reported up to a temperature of 312 kelvin. The devices were fabricated as buried heterostructure lasers with high-reflection coatings on both laser facets, resulting in continuous wave operation with optical output power ranging from 17 milliwatts at 292 kelvin to 3 milliwatts at 312 kelvin, at an emission wavelength of 9.1 micrometers. Th...