We have computed the entropy of liquid water using a two-phase thermodynamic model and trajectories generated by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. We present the results obtained with semilocal, hybrid, and van der Waals density functionals. We show that in all cases, at the experimental equilibrium density and at temperatures in the vicinity of 300 K, the computed entropies are underes...

We show that the usual sum of R-6 contributions from elements separated by distance R can give qualitatively wrong results for the electromagnetically nonretarded van der Waals interaction between nonoverlapping bodies. This occurs for anisotropic nanostructures that have a zero electronic energy gap, such as metallic nanotubes or nanowires, and nanolayered systems including metals and graphene...

After a brief introduction to the Ðeld of atom optics and to atomic mirrors, we present experimental results obtained in our group during the last two years while studying the reÑection of rubidium atoms by an evanescent wave. These involve the Ðrst measurement of the van der Waals force between an atom in its ground state and a dielectric wall, as well as the demonstration of a reÑection grati...

We present a first-principles method for the determination of the van der Waals interactions for a collection of finite-sized macroscopic bodies. The method is based on fluctuational electrodynamics and a rigorous multiple-scattering method for the electromagnetic field. As such, the method takes fully into account retardation, many-body, multipolar, and near-fields effects. By application of t...

The effect of impurities on the surface and interfacial melting of ice is investigated in the context of the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory by calculating van der Waals and Coulombic interactions within interfacial solution films. At high temperatures, the classical solute effect dominates the melting behavior. However, depending on the amount of impurity, as temperature decreases the ...

Fine powders often tend to agglomerate due to van der Waals forces between the particles. These forces can be reduced significantly by covering the particles with nanoscaled adsorbates, as shown by recent experiments. In the present work a quantitative statistical analysis of the effect of powder flow regulating nanomaterials on the adhesive forces in powders is given. Covering two spherical po...

The van der Waals interaction between a lipid membrane and a substrate covered by a graphene sheet is investigated using the Lifshitz theory. The reflection coefficients are obtained for a layered planar system submerged in water. The dielectric response properties of the involved materials are also specified and discussed. Our calculations show that a graphene covered substrate can repel the b...

Grazing incidence small-angle scattering and electron microscopy have been used to show for the first time that nonspherical nanoparticles can assemble into highly ordered body-centered tetragonal mesocrystals. Energy models accounting for the directionality and magnitude of the van der Waals and dipolar interactions as a function of the degree of truncation of the nanocubes illustrated the imp...

1. A consensus view holds that anesthetics act by van der Waals forces in hydrophobic pockets of select brain proteins to ablate consciousness. 2. What is consciousness? Enigmatic features of consciousness (e.g. 'qualia', binding, non-computability, pre-conscious-->conscious transition, nondeterministic free will) may be explained by the occurrence of quantum coherent states in the brain. 3. Va...

Density functional theory is in principle exact and includes also long-range interactions, such as the van der Waals interactions. These are, however, part of the exchange-correlation energy functional that needs to be approximated, and are absent in the local and semilocal standard implementations. Recently a density functional which includes van der Waals interactions for planar systems has b...