We continue a recent systematic study into the clique-width of (H1, H2)-free graphs and present five new classes of (H1, H2)-free graphs of bounded clique-width. As a consequence, we have reduced the number of open cases from 13 to 8. Four of the five new graph classes have in common that one of their two forbidden induced subgraphs is the triangle. As such, we generalize corresponding results ...

Let G and H be graphs. A substitution of H in G instead of a vertex v 2 V (G) is the graph G(v ! H), which consists of disjoint union of H and G ? v with the additional edge-set fxy : x 2 V (H); y 2 N G (v)g. For a hereditary class of graphs P, the substitutional closure of P is deened as the class P consisting of all graphs which can be obtained from graphs in P by repeated substitutions. Let ...

It is argued that the prevailing definition of quasicrystals, requiring them to contain an axis of symmetry that is forbidden in periodic crystals, is inadequate. This definition is too restrictive in that it excludes an important and interesting collection of structures that exhibit all the well-known properties of quasicrystals without possessing any forbidden symmetries.

This paper presents a heuristic approach based on genetic algorithm (GA) for solving large-size multi-stage multi-product scheduling problem (MMSP) in batch plant. The proposed approach is suitable for different scheduling objectives, such as total process time, total flow time, etc. In the algorithm, solutions to the problem are represented by chromosomes that will be evolved by GA. A chromoso...

background: a new pandemic influenza a (h1n1) emerged in april 2009, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. since mutations in the haemagglutinin (ha) may influence the antigenicity and pathogenicity of the virus, continued epidemiological and molecular characterization for the effective control of pandemic flu and developing of more appropriate vaccine is crucial. objective: to monitor ...

Tropical forage genetic resources are essential material for the development of adapted pasture crops. Collection, conservation and characterization of these resources are needed to preserve them for future generations. Collections were made after 1970 by CIAT, CSIRO and ILRI. The current status of these collections and present conservation methods are reviewed. Genetic diversity has been asses...

Well-characterized reference materials (RMs) are integral in maintaining clinical laboratory quality assurance for genetic testing. These RMs can be used for quality control, monitoring of test performance, test validation, and proficiency testing of DNA-based genetic tests. To address the need for such materials, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention established the Genetic Testing Re...

forty monoconidial isolates of magnaporthe grisea were examined, for an identification of vegetative compatibility group and a characterization of genetic diversity, using rep-pcr genomic fingerprinting. the isolates were collected from weeds digitaria sanguinalis (crabgrass), setaria italica (foxtail millet), echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard millet), and some other unknown ones during 2003 - 2...

Genetic diversity represents the heritable variation both within and among populations of organisms, and in the context of this paper, among bamboo species. Bamboo is an economically important member of the grass family Poaceae, under the subfamily Bambusoideae. India has the second largest bamboo reserve in Asia after China. It is commonly known as "poor man's timber", keeping in mind the vari...