In this study, we assess the performance of purely statistical approaches using supervised machine learning for predicting case in German (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, n/a). We experiment with two different treebanks containing morphological annotations: TIGER and TUEBA. An evaluation with 10-fold cross-validation serves as the basis for systematic comparisons of the optimal parame...

In this paper, I will vindicate the importance of syntactic change for the study of synchronic stages of natural languages, according to the following outline. First, I will analyze the relationship between the diachrony and synchrony of grammars, introducing some basic concepts: the notions of I-language/E-language, the role of Chomsky's (2005) three factors in language change, and some assump...

This paper investigates three linguistic features—wawation, the 1CS genitive clitic pronoun, and relative pronoun—that are shared between ancient epigraphic forms of Arabic modern dialects, to exclusion Classical Arabic. I suggest that these features represent earliest layer dialects.