By means of an analogy with Classical Mechanics and Geometrical Optics, we are able to reduce Lagrangians to a kinetic term only. This form enables us to examine the extended solution set of field theories by finding the geodesics of this kinetic term’s metric. This new geometrical standpoint sheds light on some foundational issues of QFT and brings to the forefront core aspects of field theory.

The pyramid wavefront sensor is very similar to the Fourier knife-edge test, but employs dynamic modulation to quantify the phase derivative. For circular modulation, we compare approximate geometrical optics calculations, more exact diffraction calculations, and experimental results. We show that both the sinusoidal and the approximate linear relationship between wavefront derivative and wavef...

The first consistent analysis of asymptotic approximation of geometrical optics (GO) of electromagnetic waves in smoothly inhomogeneous isotropic media was made in a work by Rytov [1]. There he studied the GO in first approximation; also he gave a well-known law of rotation of polarization plane for electromagnetic wave. Geometrical attributes of this law were described further in detail by Vla...

Point spread function (PSF) models derived from physical optics provide a more accurate representation of real blurs than simpler models based on geometrical optics. However, the physical PSF models do not always result in a significantly better restoration, due to the coarse sampling of the recording device and insufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. Low recording resolutions r...

With the advances in computer processing that have yielded an enormous increase in performance, numerical analytical approaches based on electromagnetic theory have recently been applied to mobile radio propagation analysis. One such approach is the ray-tracing method based on geometrical optics and the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction. In this paper, ray-tracing techniques that have b...

Wavefront construction in geometrical optics has long faced the twin difficulties of dealing with multivalued forms and resolution of wavefront surfaces. A recent change in viewpoint, however, has demonstrated that working in phase space on bicharacteristic strips using eulerian methods can bypass both difficulties. The success of the level set method in science and engineering makes it a suita...

In this paper, we explore the theory of optical deformations due to continuous variations of the refractive index of the air, and present several efficient implementations. We introduce the basic equations from geometrical optics, outlining a general method of solution. Further, we model the fluctuations of the index of refraction both as a superposition of blobs and as a stochastic function. U...

We consider inverse boundary value problems in Rn, n ≥ 3, for operators which may be written as first order perturbations of the Laplacian. The purpose is to obtain global uniqueness theorems for such problems when the coefficients are nonsmooth. We use complex geometrical optics solutions of Sylvester-Uhlmann type to achieve this. A main tool is an extension of the Nakamura-Uhlmann intertwinin...

The problem of front propagation in a stirred medium is addressed in the case of cellular flows in three different regimes: slow reaction, fast reaction and geometrical optics limit. It is well known that a consequence of stirring is the enhancement of front speed with respect to the nonstirred case. By means of numerical simulations and theoretical arguments we describe the behavior of front s...

By means of geometrical optics we present an approximation algorithm with which to accelerate the computation of scattering intensity distribution within a forward angular range (0◦–60◦) for gradient-index particles illuminated by acollimated ted incident beam. The incident angle of the reflected light is derived from the scattering angle to improve the approximation precision. This method prov...