A driving scheme using a pair of differential voltages (Vx, Vy) over a bias voltage is proposed to linearize the dc characteristic (angle versus voltage) of a two-axis MEMS scanner. The micromirror has a gimbal-less structure and is driven by vertical comb-drive actuators in conjunction with a leverage mechanism. At an optimal bias voltage of 53 V, a linear optical scan range of ±3.2◦ is achiev...

DEVICE DESIGN We present the design, fabrication, and demonstration of a fully decoupled 2D gimbal scanner with angular vertical comb (AVC) actuators. The device is realized by combining a foundry surface-micromachining process (MUMPs) with a 3-mask deep-reactive-ionetching (DRIE) post process. Surface-micromachining provides versatile mechanical design and electrical interconnect while bulk mi...

Kinematic analysis of the upper extremity has been conducted using a wide variety of techniques, philosophies, and analytic methods. We describe a simple, marker-based three-dimensional video analytic technique that borrows concepts from lower extremity kinematic analysis. A sequential rotation order about orthogonal axes is described, although alternate methods are examined as well. The method...

This paper presents the development of a real time tracking algorithm that runs on a 1.2 GHz PC/104 computer onboard a small UAV. The algorithm uses zero mean normalized cross correlation to detect and locate an object in the image. A Kalman filter is used to make the tracking algorithm computationally efficient. Object position in an image frame is predicted using the motion model and a search...

Control Moment Gyroscopes (CMGs) are not often considered for use on small satellites and, as a result few small satellite missions have implemented CMGs as on-board actuators. There are many reasons for this, but mainly this is due the complexity of the mechanical and control system needed to implement an effective CMG, and also because off-the-shelf CMG systems are generally made for the larg...