Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) use information from surrounding electric fields to make foraging decisions. Electroreception in air, a nonconductive medium, is a recently discovered sensory capacity of insects, yet the sensory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigate two putative electric field sensors: antennae and mechanosensory hairs. Examining their mechanical and neural response, we...

This paper presents an analysis of the morphological and anatomical characteristics aboveground parts (herba) clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.), with emphasis on investigation its surface structures. After procedure primary processing drying plant material, it was determined that composition crushed herbal drug Salviae sclareae herba showed presence leaves, bracts, flowers axis inflorescence, stem...

Area affected. Duration. Hairs only. (a) Hairs. Final species identification. Degree of Possible contact with Brilliant green Small or large inflammatory infected animals. fluorescence spored. reaction present. with microsporum Possible contact with infections. Endo or other infected patients Ectoendothrix (a) within the family. Diagnostic blue-green organisms. (b) in small localities. fluoresc...

Nuclear dynamics in root hairs, which depends upon the actin cytoskeleton, appears to be an important factor in root-hair tip growth. Previous evidence suggests that there is an absolute requirement for the nucleus to be a fixed distance from the growing root-hair tip for tip growth to proceed. To test this hypothesis, nuclear dynamics were examined in root-hair cells bearing multiple root hair...

It is impossible to comb all the hairs of a fuzzy ball so that: i) each hair lies tangent to the surface of the ball, and ii) the angles of the hairs vary continuously over the surface of the ball. (By this we mean that the angle between two hairs at positions p and q say can be made arbitrarily small by choosing q sufficiently close to p.) Any attempt to accomplish this feat must produce a cow...

Hairs varying from 6 to I2 in. in length were obtained mostly from women and in some cases from Sikh male members of the department. The hairs selected, after brittle, coarse, or extremely thin hairs had been discarded, were cleaned with 2 per cent. cetavlon, washed in water, wrapped around rubber tubing about 3 in. long to minimize curling, put into a wide-mouthed bottle, and autoclaved for 20...

Abstract This paper presents the modelling, design, fabrication and characterization of flow sensors based on the wind-receptor hairs of crickets. Cricket sensory hairs are highly sensitive to drag-forces exerted on the hair shaft. Artificial sensory hairs have been realized in SU-8 on suspended SixNy membranes. The movement of the membranes is detected capacitively. Capacitance versus voltage,...

We present monolithically integrated high-density arrays of artificial hairs for flow pattern measurements based on drag force. A combined bulk/surface micromachining process has been developed to integrate the artificial hairs with capacitive read-out. First fabrication results show the possibility to fabricate out-of-plane hairs without reverting to micro-assembly technologies. This enables r...