ACRE is an Agro-eConomic model for agricultural pRoduction on rEgional level. Based on an extension of Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) this model was developed as a decision tool for politics with respect to questions of global change scenarios. The validity of the theoretical approach as well as the algorithms has been tested by calculations with empirical data. Currently, ACRE is appl...

Climate change impacts the biogeography and phenology of plants and animals, yet the underlying mechanisms are little known. Here, we present a functional link between rising temperature and the prey detection ability of echolocating bats. The maximum distance for echo-based prey detection is physically determined by sound attenuation. Attenuation is more pronounced for high-frequency sound, su...

Climate change is arguably the biggest global health threat of the 21st Century.1 While the spread of vector-borne diseases and the health impacts of extreme weather events dominate discussions about health and climate change, there are also a range of other issues that are central to the health promotion community. Concerns such as food security;2,3 mental health;2,4,5 Indigenous health;2 and ...

For management strategies in the context of global warming, accurate predictions of species response are mandatory. However, to date most predictions are based on niche (bioclimatic) models that usually overlook biotic interactions, behavioral adjustments or adaptive evolution, and assume that species can disperse freely without constraints. The deep subterranean environment minimises these unc...

global climate change has been por­ trayed largely as an unmitigated catastrophe for humans and the environment but, in reality, the topic is more nuanced. although scientists agree that the climate is changing and many accept that anthropogenic increases in co2 are to blame, there is actually both good and bad news about global warming—and some ugly news about abatement strategies. the media a...

Coral bleaching caused by global warming is one of the major threats to coral reefs. Very recently, research has focused on the possibility of corals switching symbionts as a means of adjusting to accelerating increases in sea surface temperature. Although symbionts are clearly of fundamental importance, many aspects of coral bleaching cannot be readily explained by differences in symbionts amo...

BACKGROUND Global climate change is rapidly altering species range distributions and interactions within communities. As ranges expand, invading species change interactions in communities which may reduce stability, a mechanism known to affect biodiversity. In aridland ecosystems worldwide, the range of native shrubs is expanding as they invade and replace native grassland vegetation with signi...

We determined the effects of past and future climate changes on the distribution of the Montivipera raddei species complex (MRC) that contains rare and endangered viper species limited to Iran, Turkey and Armenia. We also investigated the current distribution of MRC to locate unidentified isolated populations as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the current network of protected areas for...

a Center on Global Change, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA b Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA c Dept. of Ecosystem Sciences and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA d Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and University of Maryland, College Park, USA e Dept. of Statistics, Texas A&M University, Colleg...