The genus Scleroderma contains gasteroid basidiomycetes, which form globose spores with echinulate to reticulate ornamentation on the surface. Based morphological observations in combination molecular data, four new species, S. erubescens, separatum, squamulosum, and vinaceum, were described from Yunnan, southwestern China. Images of fresh basidiomata scanning electron microscope (SEM) images b...

Introduction There are various ways to study the function of the human cerebellum. One method, which has long been used, is to examine the impairments in human subjects with cerebellar lesions. In order to perform lesion-symptom mapping within the cerebellum, good knowledge about the cerebellar lesion site is required. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is helpful to determine the loca...

Our previous study has shown that basal cells sense luminal factors by forming a narrow body projection that can cross epithelial tight junctions. As a first step toward characterizing the structural plasticity of basal cells, in this study, we followed their appearance and morphology in the rat epididymis and vas deferens (VD) during postnatal development and examined their modulation by andro...

The aim of this study was to detect the regional and mucosal distribution of endocrine cells that secrete gulcagon, somatostatin, Chyholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8), serotonin, secretin, substance P (SP) and histamine in the small and large intestine of New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) using immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. It was found that most of the im...

Prostatic epithelium consists mainly of luminal and basal cells, which are presumed to differentiate from common progenitor/stem cells. We hypothesize that progenitor/stem cells are highly concentrated in the embryonic urogenital sinus epithelium from which prostatic epithelial buds develop. We further hypothesize that these epithelial progenitor/stem cells are also present within the basal com...

Radulodon is emended to include taxa with effuse or effused-reflexed basidiomes, well-developed spines, a dimitic hyphal system, cystidia, globose to subglobose basidiospores, and a thickening subhymenium. Out of eleven species placed in Radulodon by various taxonomists, five are accepted: R. americanus, R. calcareus, R. casearius, R. cirrhatinus, and R. erikssonii. The taxa are described and i...

Two new ascomycetes, Boerlagiomyces costaricensis (Pleosporales) and Scopinella musciformis (Sordariales sensu lato), from litter samples collected in rainforests of Costa Rica, are described and illustrated. Boerlagiomyces costaricensis has globose, ostiolate ascomata covered by numerous setae-like hairs; cylindrical, fissitunicate asci without apical structures; and large, fusiform, muriform,...

The filamentous fungus Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne facultative parasite that causes economically important losses in a wide variety of crops. F. oxysporum exhibits filamentous growth on agar media and undergoes asexual development producing three kinds of spores: microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores. Ellipsoidal microconidia and falcate macroconidia are formed from phialides by...

The majority of human breast cancers exhibit luminal epithelial differentiation. However, most aggressive behavior, including invasion and purported cancer stem cell activity, are considered characteristics of basal-like cells. We asked the following questions: Must luminal-like breast cancer cells become basal-like to initiate tumors or to invade? Could luminally differentiated cells within a ...

The micromorphology of foliar trichomes of Hypoestes aristata var. aristata was studied using stereo, light and scanning microscopy (SEM). This genus belongs to the advanced angiosperm family Acanthaceae, for which few micromorphological leaf studies exist. Results revealed both glandular and non-glandular trichomes, the latter being more abundant on leaf veins, particularly on the abaxial surf...