Enzyme immunoassays are currently the methods of choice for gluten control in foods labelled as gluten free, providing a mechanism for assessing food safety for consumption by coeliac and other allergic patients. However, their limitations, many of them associated to the reactivity of the different antibodies used and their degree of specificity, have prevented the establishment of a standardis...

Coeliac disease (CD), an enteropathy caused by cereal gluten ingestion, is characterized by CD4(+) T cells recognizing deamidated gluten and by antibodies reactive to gluten or the self-antigen transglutaminase 2 (TG2). TG2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) of plasma cells (PCs) from CD lesions have limited somatic hypermutation (SHM). Here we report that gluten-specific IgA of lesion-resident PC...

Tolerable gluten thresholds in gluten free products have long been debated together with issues of cross contamination of gluten free cereals during the milling process. It is well established that a totally gluten free diet is virtually impossible owing to the presence of traces of gluten. It is estimated that daily consumption of gluten from contaminated gluten free foods is in the range of 5...

Cereal Chem. 73(6):736-743 Proton rotating frame relaxation times [Tlp(H)] were used to characof gluten decreased the Tjp(H), which was also dependent on moisture. terize the molecular dynamics and structural homogeneity in waxy corn When mixed at a 1:1 starch-to-gluten ratio and heated, the Tjp(H) starch, wheat gluten, and mixtures of both. Single-phase relaxation of associated with the gluten...

Cereal Chem. 82(4):431–435 Marketing of coproducts such as corn gluten meal (CGM) and corn gluten feed (CGF) is important to the maize wet-milling industry. High phosphorus concentrations could lead to limited markets for CGF due to its potential to increase phosphorus in animal wastes. The objective was to measure the concentration and flow of phosphorus in the wet-milling process and identify...

GLUTEN-FREE DIETING HAS GAINED CONSIDERABLE popularity in the general population.1-3 Between 2004 and 2011 the market for gluten-free products grew at a compound annual growth rate of 28%, with annual sales expected to reach approximately $2.6 billion in 2012.2 As of April 20, 2012, Amazon.com listed 4,765 entries for the topic “gluten-free.” AGoogle search at the same time for “gluten-free die...

Theterm gluten intolerance may refer to three types of human disorders: autoimmune celiac disease (CD), allergy to wheat and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). Gluten is a mixture of prolamin proteins present mostly in wheat, but also in barley, rye and oat. Gluten can be subdivided into three major groups: S-rich, S-poor and high molecular weight proteins. Prolamins within the groups posses...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS In a previous report, we characterized a condition of gluten sensitivity in juvenile rhesus macaques that is similar in many respects to the human condition of gluten sensitivity, celiac disease. This animal model of gluten sensitivity may therefore be useful toward studying both the pathogenesis and the treatment of celiac disease. Here, we perform two pilot experiments to ...

BACKGROUND The role of gluten as a trigger of symptoms in non-coeliac gluten sensitivity has been questioned. AIM To demonstrate that gluten is the trigger of symptoms in a subgroup of patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), which presented with lymphocytic enteritis, positive celiac genetics and negative celiac serology. METHODS Double-blind r...

Knowing whether or not a food contains gluten is vital for the growing number of individuals with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Questions have recently been raised about whether beef from conventionally-raised, grain-finished cattle may contain gluten. To date, basic principles of ruminant digestion have been cited in support of the prevailing expert opinion that beef is inh...