The periaqueductal gray (PAG) is involved in the central regulation of nociceptive transmission by affecting the descending inhibitory pathway. In the present study, we have addressed the functional role of presynaptic glycine receptors in spontaneous glutamatergic transmission. Spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs) were recorded in mechanically dissociated rat PAG neurons using a conventional whole-cell ...

Microinjection of glycine into the dorsal vagal motor nucleus of anesthetized rats elicits increases in arterial pressure and heart rate. In the nucleus tractus solitarii, where cardiovascular responses to injection of glycine may be mediated through release of acetylcholine, there is a dense concentration of glycinergic nerve terminals and glycine receptors. In this study, using immunohistoche...

The title peptide, N-benzyl-oxycarbonyl-β-glycylglycylglycine benzyl ester, C22H25N3O6, contains a non-proteinogenic amino acid residue, β-glycine, which is a homologated analogue of glycine. In the mol-ecular structure, β-glycine adopts an extended conformation with a trans conformation about its C(β)-C(α) bond. The second glycine residue adopts an extended conformation while the third glycine...

Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the pathophysiology of muscle atrophy. We hypothesized that glycine exerted an anti-inflammatory effect and alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced muscle atrophy in piglets. Pigs were assigned to four treatments including the following: 1) nonchallenged control, 2) LPS-challenged control, 3) LPS+1.0% glycine, and 4) LPS+2.0% glycine. After...

Asc-1 (SLC7A10) is an amino acid transporter whose deletion causes neurological abnormalities and early postnatal death in mice. Using metabolomics and behavioral and electrophysiological methods, we demonstrate that Asc-1 knockout mice display a marked decrease in glycine levels in the brain and spinal cord along with impairment of glycinergic inhibitory transmission, and a hyperekplexia-like ...

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is a rare metabolic brain disease caused by deficient activity of the glycine cleavage system. Localized proton MR spectroscopy (echo-time 166 msec), performed in an infant with the typical clinical and biochemical features of neonatal NKH, showed a markedly increased peak intensity at 3.55 ppm, which was assigned to glycine. Serial proton MR spectroscopic studi...

[(3)H]Strychnine binds to synaptic-membrane fractions of the spinal cord in a selective fashion, indicating an interaction with postsynaptic glycine receptors. Displacement of strychnine by glycine and other amino acids parallels their glycine-like neurophysiologic activity. The regional localization of strychnine binding in the central nervous system correlates closely with endogenous glycine ...

Glycine has diverse functions within the mammalian central nervous system. It inhibits postsynaptic neurons via strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors (GlyRs) and enhances neuronal excitation through co-activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Classical Ca(2+)-permeable NMDA receptors are composed of glycine-binding NR1 and glutamate-binding NR2 subunits, and hence require both glut...

Doping-induced local symmetry breaking of centrosymmetric molecular crystals endows them with piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties. In this work, we measured temperature dependences coefficients in α--glycine single-doped by threonine double-doped alanine. We analyzed primary secondary effects these suggested a model the dopant complexes related to observed effects. Keywords: pyroelectrici...

1. A double-lumen perfusion technique has been used in man to study intestinal absorption of two tripeptides, glycyl-glycyl-glycine and L-alanyl-glycyl-glycine. Intraluminal tripeptide hydrolysis has been investigated by incubating both tripeptides in vitro with fresh uncentrifuged saline aspirates. 2. Glycine was absorbed faster from a glycyl-glycyl-glycine solution (3.3 mmol/l) than from an e...